VOLUME 3

AN ANSWERE VNTO SIR THOMAS MORES DIALOGE

LOCATION
KEY Commentary Side Textual Bibliographic Scriptural

imageseruice / for the saint deliteth in no soch. And when thou stekest vpp a candle before the image / thou mightest with as good reason make an holow bely in the image and powre in meate and drincke. For as the saynt nether eateth ner drincketh / so hath he no bodyly eyes to delyte in the light of a candle.

Candle [1531]

130/16–17 spirite . . . trouth. Cf. John 14.26.

A nother is this / god geueth not the promises that are in Christ for bodyly seruice / but of his mercy only / vn to his awne glorie. Ye and of the fathers goodnesse doo all naturall childern receaue. Axe a litle boye / who gaue him his gaye cote / he answereth / his father. Axe him whi / and he answereth / because he is his father and loueth him / and because he ys his sonne. Axe him whether his father loue him / and he saith ye. Ax him how he knoweth it and he saith / because he geueth me this or that. Axe him whether he loue his father / he saith ye. Axe him whi / he saith / for his father loueth him and geueth him all thynge. Axe him why he worketh / he answereth / his father will so haue it. Axe him whi his father geueth not soch and soch boyes cotes to. Nai saith he / they be not his sonnes / their fathers must geue them as myne doeth me. Goo now ye popish bond seruauntes and receaue youre rewarde for youre false workes and robbe youre brethern & raigne ouer them with violence and cruell tiranny and make them worshepe youre pilars / polaxes images and hattes. And we will receaue of the mercifull kyndnesse of oure father and will serue our brethern frely / of very loue and wilbe their seruauntes and sofre for their sakes. And therto oure good dedes which we do vn to oure neybours nede / springe out of oure rightwysenesse or iustifienge / which is the forgeuenesse of

LUKE: 1.72: 60/3, 81/17–18

GENESIS: 37.3: 81/20

GENESIS: 37.23, 32: 81/20

2 SAMUEL: 13.19: 81/20

1 CHRONICLES: 29.2: 81/20

MATTHEW: 12.44: 81/20

JAMES: 2.3: 81/20

130/24–25 And as . . . myracles. Cf. CWM 8/1.247/36–37.

brethern] ed., bethern 1531, brethren 1573

131/1–6 deed saintes . . . affirmeth the contrary. Cf. CWM 8/ 1.268/5 and CWM 8/2.248/8–10.

131/2 Thomas ... full of miracles. The biography of Thomas Aquinas by Bernard Gui OP (1324) dedicated its third part to the recital of 102 miracles through Thomas's intercession that occurred between his death in 1274 and his canonization in 1323. Bonino Mombrizio's Sanctuarium seu vitae sanctorum (1477; critical edition in 2 vols., Paris: Fontemoing, 1910) offered a selection from Gui's life (2.565–88), but gave only the introduction to the third part and related just one of the miracles, cf. 46/33n. (JW)

131/3 our lady . . . originall sinne. Aquinas held that Mary was conceived but not born in original sin (Summa III, Q. 27, Art. 1). The feast of Mary's Conception was allowed at that time, but was not extended to the universal church. Thomas took it as the celebration of Mary's sanctification in her mother's womb. The English Franciscan William of Ware taught that Mary was conceived immaculately, following a preference for attributing the highest prerogatives to her. Duns Scotus took up this principle and argued that Christ, as the most perfect mediator, found the more perfect way to save his mother by preserving her from original sin. Scotus admitted this teaching was not stated in Scripture, but held it was enough that Scripture and the Fathers did not rule it out, cf. Quaestiones in tertium Librum Sententiarum, Dist. 3, Q. 1 (Opera Omnia 14.157). Dominican theologians argued against Scotus, but even the canonization of Thomas in 1323 could not stem the tide of popular devotion in favor of the Immaculate Conception. In 1438 it was taught by the Council of Basel but after Eugenius IV (pope, 1431–47) had withdrawn his legate. Tyndale alludes to Sixtus IV (pope, 1471–84), a Franciscan who favored the Immaculate Conception and decreed in 1483 that it is safe to preach but wrong for holders of either view to charge the other side with heresy. Among his condemnations of scholastic disputations (Obedience B7v—B8, R5), Tyndale cites this controversy over the Immaculate Conception (Obedience C3). (JW) In a letter written to a Dominican, Erasmus takes the Franciscan position that Mary is free of original as well as personal sin. Cf. Ep. 1196, To [Vincentius Theoderici], [Louvain, c. middle of March, 1521] (Allen 4.465/58–59; CWE 8.178/66–67). In 1509 four Dominicans were burnt at the stake in Bern for faking apparitions in which Mary voiced her opposition to the teaching of the Immaculate Conception. Cf. "The Seraphic Funeral," 1531, Colloquies (ASD 1/3.693/233–43; CWE 40.1007/10–21). More attributed the discovery of this fraud to divine providence (CWM 6/1.88/32–35).