GLOSSARY
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This glossary of the 1531 edition of Answer to More is
based on The Compact Edition of the Oxford English
Dictionary, (1971). All references with dates have been checked against
The Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition [1989]
on Compact Disk (1994). The glossary defines words
whose meanings and forms are not easily recognizable, but it does not attempt to
cover such normal 16c variants as c for t, e for 0, i for e, 0
for a, th for d, u for v and v for u,
y for i and i for y, etc. It usually limits itself to the spelling and
location of the first occurrence of a word, with etc. indicating a later use in the text. Thus, plurals of nouns and
different tenses of verbs are omitted, unless another meaning is recorded. In
listing page and line numbers, it gives precedence to a word in the body of the
text over a sidenote because the latter might be the work of the 16c editor.
Half a dozen Northern usages (ane, leppe, pleasant, power,
shone, wauntage) may shed light on the origins of Tyndale's family. The
glossary also contains: two entries found, not in the text but in the sidenotes
(figured, soules slepe); two variants from 1573 with substantially different meanings from 1531 (inough, naught); problematic
words from the sidenotes of 1573 (blasing, fast, frequented
, lay, naughty, preferred, surely, swinge, wil). The glossary
further includes: instances from Answer later (c10) than
in OED; words, senses, phrases, and forms earlier than in OED for Tyndale (c40)
and for More (c20); quotations from Answer (c50) used as
examples by OED; and new usages in Answer (c1o) not found
in OED. Because OED gives conflicting dates for many works cited , this
account follows the revised STC for Tyndale and CWM for More. The abbreviation
see n. refers the reader to the Commentary.
|
[examples] |
before |
adv. |
beforehand |
conj. |
previous to the time when |
|
betimes also be tymes |
adv. |
before it is too late |
|
vttereth also vttur |
v. 1 pr. 3 s. |
gives expression to |
v. |
make known the character of |
|
make manifest |
|
describe, report |
|
|
[a] |
A |
|
a |
|
abbashed |
adj. |
confused, confounded |
|
abbates |
|
Abbats |
|
a bedgynge also a begging |
|
abide also abyde |
|
abhomination also abhominacion |
n. |
wicked practice |
|
detestable vice |
|
abiure |
|
aboute |
prep. |
somewhere on or near the person |
|
abroade also abrode |
adv. |
abroad, at large |
|
openly, broadly |
|
accept |
|
accordinge also accordinge as |
adv. |
accordingly |
|
according to that which |
|
accoyntaunce |
|
accursed |
adv. |
worthy of being cursed |
|
damnable, detestable |
|
ace |
|
acointed |
|
actiuelye |
adv. |
voluntarily |
|
positively |
|
actually |
adv. |
in reality not mystically |
|
with deeds, practically |
|
adamand |
|
adased |
|
adiure |
v. |
adjure, bind under oath |
|
administracion also administration |
n. |
the performance of an office or duty |
|
the dispensing of a sacrament |
|
adsistence |
|
aduenge |
|
aduenger |
|
aduenture |
n. |
in the phrase, put...in aduenture: put in jeopardy, risk |
|
aduise |
|
adulter also aduouterer |
|
aduouryes |
n. |
aduocates, protectors, patrons |
|
aduoyde |
|
advlterye also advoutry also advoutrye |
|
a farre |
adv. |
in the phrase,a farre of: remotely |
|
not on target |
|
not explicitly |
|
affeccion |
n. |
in the phrase, of affeccion: from passion |
|
afore |
|
afore hande |
adv. |
beforehand, in advance |
|
after also aftir |
adv. |
later, further on |
|
afterward |
|
after as |
|
after witted |
adj. |
only wise after the event, lacking foresight |
|
aftir |
|
againe |
prep. |
against |
|
in anticipation of |
|
agayne also agene also ageyne |
|
agaynst also agenst |
conj. |
by the
time that |
|
in anticipation of |
|
agew |
|
a good |
adv. |
vigorously, heartily |
|
agreable |
adv. |
in the phrase, agreable vnto: in accordance with |
|
a knowen |
adj. |
in the phrase, be a knowen (of): make confession, acknowledgement, or avowal |
|
make a disclosure |
|
albe |
n. |
white vestment reaching to feet |
|
alient |
n. |
alien, belonging to another person, place, or family |
|
aliquid |
pron. Lat. |
someone or something |
|
a liue |
adj. |
alive in the sense, fully capable, flourishing |
|
all |
|
all |
n. |
in the phrase, all to one: to the same thing |
|
allege also allegeth also alleginge |
v. |
cite, quote, but also claim wihtout proof |
|
al to gether also all together |
n. |
all things together |
|
the entirety |
|
everything |
|
almany |
n. |
Almany, former name of Germany |
|
almesse also almose |
n. |
alms deeds, acts of charity |
|
alms, charitable gifts |
|
almorye |
|
almose deade also almosedeade also almose dede |
n. |
alms deeds, acts of charity |
|
a lofte |
adv. |
aloft in the sense of high rank, in a position of authority |
|
alonelye |
|
a lowed |
adj. |
in the phrase, a lowed of: received with favor or approval by |
|
alowed |
adv. |
in the phrase, alowed for: conceded it to be |
|
alsouldaye |
n. |
All Soul's Day, a festival commemorating the soulds of the
dead on November 2nd |
|
al to |
adv. phr. |
asunder to al to breake to break
asunder |
|
alwaye |
|
al wayes also allwaye |
adv. |
in all directions, every which way |
|
Ambasiasies |
|
ambassiadoure |
n. |
official messenger, envoy |
|
amend also amende |
v. |
correct, reform |
|
reform oneself, abandon one's evil ways |
|
a mendes |
n. |
in the phrase, amendes makyng: amends, reparation |
|
amice |
n. |
oblong vestment of white linen worn around the shoulders over the alb |
|
a misse also amisse also amys(s)e |
adv. |
erroneously, faultily |
|
openly, broadly |
|
amonge |
|
an |
|
and |
|
and . . . and |
|
ane |
numeral adj. Northern variant for |
one |
|
an eled |
v. |
anointed with oil or chrism* |
|
anew also a newe |
adv. |
once more |
|
in a new form |
|
angle |
|
annelinge also anoylinge also anoylynge |
n. |
the act of anointing with oil or unction
* |
|
annexed also annexyd |
adj. |
joined, added |
|
joined or attached as an attribute or qualification |
|
annoyntmentes |
|
anone |
|
antetheme |
n. |
text prefixed to a sermon as its theme or motto |
|
antiquate |
adj. |
grown old |
|
obsolete through age |
|
antistrephon |
n. |
antistrophon, i.e. an argument that is retorted upon an opponent |
|
anye thynge |
|
any whence |
|
aparte |
|
a pase |
|
apayde |
|
apere also appeare |
v. |
appear, seem |
|
appear, come into view, become visible |
|
apesplaye also apes playe |
n. |
suggests both trickery and nonverbal mimicry, both traits associated with apes |
|
apon |
prep. |
upon, on the ground or basis of |
|
apoynte |
v. |
decree or prescribe to |
|
apparetars |
n. |
apparitors, officers of an ecclesiastical court |
|
appelled |
v. pa. |
appealed to a higher authority for deliverance from the adverse decision of a
lower |
|
apperinge |
ppl. a. |
apparent, seeming |
|
apposed |
adj. |
examined, interrogated |
|
apposed |
|
questioned |
|
confronted with hard questions |
|
appoyntement |
n. |
agreement, pact, contract |
|
apte |
|
aright also a ryght |
|
arme |
v. |
supply with necessary resources |
|
in the phrase, arme vs frome: protect us from (by supplying with necessary resources) |
|
armoure also armure |
n. |
armor (fig.), spiritual defence or protection |
|
a robbynge |
|
a rouynge |
|
arow |
|
article |
n. |
a doctrinal statement, spec. of the Apostles' Creed |
|
as |
|
a slepe |
adv. |
in the phrase, brought a slepe: caused to become asleep |
|
as moche also asmoche |
adv. |
as much |
|
in the phrase, said asmoche: said the same |
|
a sonder |
|
assaltes |
|
assaut |
|
asshes |
n. |
in the phrase, takinge asshes: receiving ashes sprinkled on the head or in the mark of a cross |
|
assone |
|
assoyle |
|
assumpcion |
|
astonyed |
|
aswel also as well |
adv. |
as much, to the same extent |
|
at |
|
ate |
|
at one also attone |
|
atonemaker |
n. |
one who atones or helps another to atone |
|
attende to |
v. |
listen to, hearken unto |
|
attonce also attonse |
adv. |
at once, immediately |
|
attonement also attonment |
n. |
atonement in the sense propitiation of God by expiation of sin |
|
reconciliation with God |
|
attorney |
n. |
advocate, pleader, mediator |
|
auctor |
n. |
author in the sense creator, founder |
|
auctorite |
|
audience |
n. |
in the phrase, geue...none audience: pay no heed |
|
augmentinge |
n. |
augmentation, increase |
|
autencttike also autentike |
adj. |
worthy of belief, trustworthy |
|
authentic, authoritative |
|
awaye |
|
awne also nawne |
|
a worth |
adv. |
take(n) a worth borne patiently |
|
Ave |
n. |
the prayer "Ave Maria" or "Hail Mary" |
|
axe |
|
axes |
n. |
access, ague, intermitting fever |
|
|
[b] |
babe |
|
babels |
v. |
baubles, showy childish trinkets, but also
the rods carried by court jesters as signs of their office with possible allusion to the confused languages
at the Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1-9) |
|
bacbiter |
n. |
backbiter |
|
a slanderer or secret calumniator |
|
bad also bade also bidde |
|
bage |
|
bak also bake |
|
balaunce |
|
bald also baulde |
adj. |
destitute of meaning |
|
banket |
|
baptem also baptim also baptime also baptym also baptyme |
|
bare |
|
bare |
|
barefoot also bare foote also barefote |
adv. |
with feet uncovered (as a penance) |
|
bare heade |
adv. |
with head uncovered (as a penance) |
|
barelie |
|
baren |
adj. |
barren in the sense useless, unproductive |
|
bargens |
n. |
bargains, agreements made in transactions between parties |
|
bastarde |
|
batayle also batayll also battayle |
n. |
battle, hostile engagement |
|
strife, conflict |
|
bate |
n. |
in the phrase, be at bate: like a chained bear attacked by dogs |
|
discord, strife |
|
baudes |
n. |
bawds, panders, people employed in pandering
to sexual debauchery* |
|
bawdery |
n. |
the practice of a bawd; the business of providing opportunities
for sexual immorality* |
|
bayly arauntes also baylie |
n. |
bailiff-errants, agents of the lord of a manor,
stewards of a landholder, officers of justice under a sheriff |
|
be |
aux. v. |
Form of "be" with intrans. verb in perfect tenses to express the condition or state now attained, become
[sic] |
|
is come |
|
haue be pp. form, 14–15c. |
|
be |
|
beades |
|
beare also bere |
v. |
bear, carry |
|
in the phrase, beare...in hand(e): delude, abuse with false pretenses |
|
beastes |
|
because |
conj. |
in order that, so that |
|
bedged |
v. |
begged |
vbl. n.
v. inf. |
beggar, impoverish |
|
bedger |
|
bedgerd also beggerde |
v. |
reduced to destitution |
|
bedgerie |
|
bedgynge |
|
bedred |
adj. |
bedridden, confined to bed |
|
beed |
|
beedrolles also beydroule |
n. |
list of persons for whom prayers are to be offered |
|
beest |
|
beest |
n. |
beast, usually referring to Satan |
|
beestely |
|
beestlynesse |
|
before |
|
before |
conj. |
previous to the time when |
|
begat |
|
beggerie |
n. |
in the phrase, swere beggerie: take a vow of poverty |
|
begone |
v. |
in the phrase, begone astray: be gone or are gone astray |
|
begone |
|
behinde |
|
beleffe also beleue |
|
beleue |
v. |
in the phrase, beleue in: rely upon |
|
belie also belye |
|
bely |
adj. |
fleshly, carnal |
n. |
belly |
|
benefice also benfice |
n. |
an ecclesiastical living |
|
in the phrase, sell a benefice: indulgence |
|
benefit also benifite |
n. |
profit, advantage |
|
kind deed, benefaction |
pl. |
favors, kindnesses, gifts |
|
benefundatum |
n. |
Lat. arguments based on well-founded premises |
|
berdes |
|
bere also beare |
|
beringe |
v. |
in the phrase, beringe recorde: bearing witness |
|
beshrew |
|
besie |
adj. |
busy |
|
in the phrase, do their besie cure: apply themselves diligently |
|
beste |
|
bestowe |
v. |
in the phrase, bestowe...vpon: confer as a gift to |
|
besydes |
|
besydes |
|
bet also bete |
|
betell |
n. |
insect taken as a type of blindness |
|
betimes also be tymes also betymes |
adv. |
before it is too late |
|
|
|
betokeneth also betokenith |
|
betwixt |
|
bewyche |
|
bigamus |
adj. |
remarried after death of first wife |
|
bil |
|
binde also bynde |
v. |
tie, restrain |
|
obligates |
|
bindinge |
n. |
spiritual binding, keeping spiritually captive |
|
bisshapes |
n. |
Tyndale's deliberately satirical misspelling of "bishops" |
|
bisshopes also busshopes |
n. pl. Translation of NT "episkopos," |
overseers, a class of officers in the early Christian church |
|
bisshopricke also bysshoperikes |
n. |
bishopric, office of a bishop |
|
blasing |
|
bleare also blere |
|
blesse also blise |
v. |
bless in the sense protect or guard, to keep (from evil) |
|
blessid |
adj. |
worthy to be blessed by men |
|
blynd |
|
bocher also bocchers |
n. |
butcher |
poss.butcher's |
|
|
bodely also bodelye |
adv. |
bodily i.e. physically rather than spiritually |
|
bofeted also bofetted |
|
bogge |
|
boke also bokesbooke |
n. |
book |
|
in the phrase, without booke: from memory |
|
bold also bolde |
adj. |
bold, fearless |
|
confident |
|
boldlye |
|
bolles |
n. pl. |
bulls, papal edicts |
|
bonde |
adj. |
in the phrase, bonde saruaunt: slave |
|
bondeman |
|
bongler |
n. |
bungler, clumsy unskillful worker |
|
borowyd also borowed |
adj. |
borrowed in the sense taken or used at second-hand, adopted opportunistically |
|
bosh |
n. |
ivy bush as sign of tavern |
|
bost also boste |
v. |
extoll oneself, speak vaingloriously of oneself |
|
boteth |
|
bottes |
n. pl. |
parasitical worms or
maggots |
|
bowes |
n. |
boughs (such as the willow branches borne on Palm Sunday) |
|
bowinge also bowyng |
v. |
in the phrase, bowinge the kne: bending at the knee to show honor |
|
bending in the phrase, bowyng a peny or a grote: ratifying an agreement by bending a coin |
|
boxe |
n. |
offering box |
|
small receptacle for drugs or ointments |
|
brake |
|
braste |
|
braulynge |
n. |
noisy quarreling |
|
wrangling |
|
contention |
|
bravelth |
|
bred also breed |
|
brent |
|
brestes |
n. |
private thoughts and feelings |
|
brestys |
|
bretherhed also broderhedes also brotherheed |
|
brethern also bretherne |
n. |
brethren, brothers |
|
persons bound to others by reason of their shared humanity |
|
briddes also bryddes |
|
bring also bringe |
v. |
in the phrase, bring...in/unto: lead or conduct (one) in/to |
|
bringeth |
v. |
adduces (a statement or argument)
|
|
brode |
|
brought |
adj. |
in the phrase, brought to: caused to become |
|
bruntbrunte |
|
bruwing |
n. |
in the phrase, in bruwing: in the process of brewing i.e. (fig.) concocting, scheming |
|
brybry |
|
bud |
v. |
in the phrase, bud out: spring forth as a bud |
|
bugg |
n. |
bug, in the sense object of needles fear |
|
an imaginary terror |
|
burne |
v. |
be inflamed with desire |
|
burthen |
|
bushe also bussh |
n. |
branch or bunch of ivy (perhaps as the plant that was sacred to Bacchus) hung up as a vintner's sign |
|
busse |
|
busshel also busshell |
n. |
vessel used as a bushel measure |
|
busshopericke also busshapericke |
n. |
bishopric, office of a bishop |
|
busy |
|
but |
|
but also butte |
|
butter |
v. |
contemptuous term for anointing with oil |
|
by |
|
by |
prep. |
through, by means of |
|
according to |
|
by and by |
|
byde |
v. |
in the phrase, byde out: endure to the end |
|
bydeth |
v. pr. 3 s. |
remains |
|
endures |
|
bye |
|
bye also by |
v. |
buy |
|
in the phrase, bye out: ransom, redeem |
|
bydden |
|
byld also bylde |
|
bylles |
n. |
bills, weapons of war that are like broadswords |
|
byndinge |
n. |
spiritual binding, keeping spiritually captive |
|
byrchin |
|
byshopynge |
n. |
the rite of confirmation |
|
bysshoped |
|
|
[c] |
C |
n. |
"centum" (Lat.), hundred |
|
cal also call also calle |
v. |
call |
|
in the phrase, call vnto remembraunce: recall to mind |
|
calenge also chalenge |
v. |
challenge in the sense lay claim to, assert title to |
|
cancred |
adj. |
cankered in the sense corrupt, evil |
|
canvesed |
|
canvesynge |
|
capital |
|
capitaynes |
|
cappes of mayntenaunce |
n. |
ceremonial crimson velvet hats denoting special office or authority |
|
captayne |
|
captiue |
|
captyuinge |
n. |
captivating, enthralling (of the reason, will, etc.) |
|
cardenalshepes |
|
care |
v. |
feel concern, trouble oneself |
|
carefull |
adj. |
full of concern, anxious |
|
careyeth |
v. |
carries, in the sense leads, conducts |
|
carnell |
|
case |
|
cast |
v. |
estimate, conjecture |
|
anticipate |
|
castinge |
|
castynge |
|
catch |
v. |
in the phrase, catch no harme: avoid experiencing
or incurring harm |
|
cauellacions also cavillacions |
n. pl. |
cavils, frivolous objections |
|
causes also cawses |
|
cautels |
n. pl. |
strategems, sleights |
|
ceason also season also seson |
v. |
season in the figurative sense of correct, imbue with that which makes morally good |
|
ceremones also ceremonyes also cerimones also cerimonyes |
n. |
ceremonies, religious rites or observances |
|
certayne |
adj. |
certain in the sense particular, distinct |
|
certifie also certefye also certifye |
|
cetysens |
|
chaffe |
|
chammeth |
|
chamminge |
|
chanons |
n. |
canons, clergymen who live in the precinct of a cathedral or
collegiate church and order their lives by the canons or rules of that church |
|
chapman |
|
character |
n. |
indelible quality imprinted on the soul by baptism, confirmation, and holy orders |
|
charge |
|
charge |
|
chargeable |
|
charite also charitie also charyte |
n. done my charite |
given alms |
|
saint charite Christian love personified |
|
patience |
|
charite |
|
charmes |
|
charterhouse also charterhousse also charterhowse |
|
chast |
v. |
chasten |
|
to correct or amend by discipline |
|
chastice |
|
chastite |
n. |
chastity, sexual purity |
|
celibacy |
|
chaunce |
v. |
come about by chance, occur |
|
chaunceler |
n. |
chancellor, vicar-general of bishops presiding over ecclesiastical courts |
|
chaunces |
|
chaunge |
|
chauntrees also chauntres also Chauntreys |
n. |
chapels endowed for the maintenance of one or more priests to sing daily mass for the souls of the founders or others specified by them |
|
cheare |
n. |
in the phrase, make good cheare: make merry, be cheerful |
|
chefe |
|
chepe |
n. |
abundance (of commodities) |
|
chiualrie |
|
chope also choppe |
n. |
in the phrase, at the first chop(p)e: at the first stroke, immediately |
|
choplogicall also chopologicall |
adj. |
sophistical, usually referring to an
argument made using chopped logic; Tyndale's satiric rendering of "tropological," one of the four traditional
senses of the scripture |
|
chosing |
|
chresom also chrisome |
n. |
in the phrase, chresom cloth: a white robe put on infant at baptism |
|
Christen |
n. |
Christian(s) |
adj. |
Christian |
|
Christendome |
n. |
condition of being Christian |
|
one's baptism |
|
church |
|
a building for public Christian worship
|
|
officers of an ecclesiastical organization, especially the clergy |
|
"Holy Church" as opposed to "State" |
|
a local congregation |
|
the Church Universal |
|
the Invisible Church of the elect |
|
any group having a common belief |
|
churl also chorlle |
n. |
boor, rude or ill-bred fellow |
|
miser |
|
churlishe also churlysh |
|
churlishnesse also churlyshnesse |
|
chyrchinges |
n. |
the public appearance of women at church
to give thanks after childbirth; the ceremony performed at this time |
|
chyrese |
|
clame |
|
clappinge |
n. |
striking hands together as a sign of agreement to a bargain |
|
clave |
v. |
in the phrase, clave vnto: cleave, hold fast, or adhere to |
|
claw also clawe |
v. |
scratch gently, flatter |
|
cleane |
|
cleane also clene |
adv. |
in the phrase, cleane contrary: entirely contrary |
|
clercke |
|
clery also clerye |
adv. |
completely, unreservedly |
|
clearly, with certainty |
|
distinctly, with clarity |
|
cleue also cleve |
|
clocke also cloke |
n. |
cloak, a bell-shaped cape |
|
clocketh |
|
cloked |
|
clooke |
|
closture also cloyster |
|
cloyster |
|
cloute |
|
clymneth |
|
clyppinge |
|
coddes |
|
cofer |
n. |
coffer, treasury |
|
strong box |
|
coheyre |
|
colectes also collectes also collects |
n. |
collects, short prayers said before the Epistle in the Mass |
|
colicke |
n. |
colic, pains in the belly |
|
coloure |
|
colyer |
n. |
maker or carrier of charcoal |
|
combe |
n. |
in the phrase, set vp thy combe: be proud |
|
combraunce |
n. |
encumbrance in the sense trouble, distress |
|
cumbrance, entanglement |
|
combred |
pp. |
perplexed |
|
overthrown, routed |
|
hampered |
|
come |
v. |
in the phrase, come ... to: result in |
|
come |
v. pa. |
came |
|
comen also commen also commune also comune |
adj. |
possessed and shared by all |
|
in the phrase, comen charges: ordinary
expenses |
|
in the phrase, comen wemen:
prostitutes |
|
comenly |
|
comen wealth also comen welthcommune wealth |
n. |
common good, general well-being |
|
|
|
comffettes |
n. |
comfits, sweetmeats made of fruit or seeds preserved with sugar |
|
comforte |
n. |
support, source of strength |
|
relief |
|
comfortoure |
n. |
Comforter, Holy Spirit |
|
commissaries |
n. |
officer exercising spiritual jurisdiction as the representative
of the bishop in parts of his diocese |
|
committed |
adj. |
given in charge, entrusted |
|
communicacion also communicacyon |
n. |
conversation |
|
social interaction, dealings |
|
companie |
n. Translation of "ekklesia" in
Acts 19.32, |
band |
|
persons casually brought together |
|
compas also compase also compasse |
n. |
circumscribed space, area |
|
limits |
|
|
|
compased |
adj. |
hemmed in, beleagered, besieged |
|
circumvented |
|
compasse |
|
compassinge also compassynge |
|
compelle |
v. |
in the phrase, compelle intrare: to force to enter |
|
compelled |
ppl. a. compelled with |
constrained by
|
|
compendious |
|
compendiousnes |
|
complayne |
|
complayntes |
n. pl. |
grounds of complaint |
|
complexcyon also complexion also complextion |
n. |
bodily constitution |
|
disposition of mind, nature |
|
comprehended |
|
comyssaryes |
n. |
commissaries, officers representing bishops in parts of their dioceses |
|
conceytes |
|
conclude |
v. |
infer |
v. pr. 3
s. |
decides |
pp. |
confuted |
|
conclusion |
n. |
proposition, dictum, dogma, tenet (with notion of "inference" obscured or lost) |
|
condicions |
|
condicyon |
v. |
make dependent on a condition to be fulfilled
|
|
confeccions |
n. |
confections, preserves made of fruit, spices, and sugar |
|
confirme also confyrme |
v. |
make firm, strengthen |
|
corroborate |
|
affirm, assert |
|
confiteor |
|
conforme |
v. |
form or fashion according to a model |
|
confounded also confoundyd |
adj. |
abashed, put to shame |
|
confoundid |
v. |
discomfited in argument, confuted |
|
confusion |
n. |
overthrow, ruin, destruction |
|
congregation also congregacion also congregacyon |
n. |
a particular local assembly of believers |
|
the whole body of the faithful |
|
coniuracion |
n. |
conjuration, magic spell |
|
coniurar |
|
coniure |
n. |
conjure in the sense entreat |
|
appeal solemnly to |
|
beseech |
|
coniuringe |
n. |
in the phrase, the coniuringe of church: the blasphemous appropriation of a sacred object or ceremony |
|
consayte |
n. |
in the phrase, in oure awne consyte: in our own conceits, in our own estimations |
|
conspiracion |
|
constitutions |
n. |
decrees, laws, regulations |
|
contentyng also contentynge |
n. |
making satisfaction, compensating |
|
continew also continue also contynue |
v. |
maintain, cause to last or endure |
|
last, flourish |
|
contrary |
|
contrary wise also contrarie wise |
|
contre also contrey also contreye |
|
conuersacion also conuersation |
n. |
behavior, mode of
life |
|
consorting |
|
conuersion |
n. |
change from sinfulness to holiness |
|
conuicte |
|
convayar |
|
convaye |
|
conversacion |
n. |
in the phrase, have conversacion: to live among |
|
conveyaunce |
|
conynge |
|
corage |
n. |
inclination |
|
sexual inclination, lust |
|
coresey |
n. |
corrosive, i.e. (fig.) grievance |
|
corne |
|
corosy |
n. |
a corrosive drug, remedy |
|
corporiscloth |
n. |
a linen cloth upon which the consecrated elements are placed during the celebration of the Mass |
|
corrage |
|
correck |
|
correct |
|
corrupte also corupt |
adv. |
corrupted, rendered morally unsound |
|
perverted the text or sense by altering for evil ends |
|
corsies |
n. |
corrosives for healing purposes |
|
cory |
v. |
in the phrase, cory and clawe: "stroke down" with flattery or blandishment |
|
cost also coste |
|
cootte also cote also cotte |
|
coude |
v. past subj. had they coude |
had they been able
|
|
couenaunt also covenaunt |
n. |
compact made by God with human beings |
|
engagement with God entered into by believers at baptism or admission into visible church |
|
agreement made between people |
|
couent also covente |
n. |
convent, a religious community |
|
couereth |
|
coulle also cowle |
|
councell also counsel also consel |
n. |
council, body of advisors |
|
counsel, advice |
|
counseled |
v. pa. |
recommended a
plan |
|
took counsel with |
|
counselles |
n. |
assemblies, council meetings |
|
the deliberations that take place at these meetings |
|
counte |
v. |
esteem, consider, regard |
|
counterfeted keyes also counterfayted keyes |
n. |
in the sense, false keys (i.e., ceremonies, traditions) to the kingdom of heaven |
|
coupleth |
|
courage |
n. |
intention, purpose |
|
desire |
|
heart or spirit |
|
mind, disposition |
|
course |
|
craft also crafte |
n. |
trade, profession |
|
guile, cunning |
|
credence |
n. |
trustworthiness, credibility |
|
in the phrase, credence of: belief in |
|
credible |
|
credo |
n. |
referring to the Apostles' Creed or the Nicene Creed, or
more generally a creed or formula of belief |
|
creptest |
v. |
crept, moved stealthily |
|
crestes |
n. |
plumes or tufts of feathers |
|
in the phrase, set vp their crestes: exalt themselves, to lord it |
|
crie |
v. |
in the phrase, crie vpon: appeal to, urge |
|
cropen |
|
crose |
n. |
crosier, the pastoral staff or crook
of a bishop or abbot |
|
crosserowe |
|
crowechinge |
n. |
crouching in the sense bowing humbly or servilely |
|
crucify |
v. |
in fig. sense to mortify |
|
to destroy the power of (passions, sins, the felsh) |
|
crudelite |
|
cruel |
adj. |
extremely painful, severe |
|
cubett |
|
curate |
|
cure |
n. |
care |
|
in the phrase, in cure: under care, in one's charge |
|
curiosite |
n. |
curiosity, a matter upon which undue care is bestowed |
|
a vanity or nicety |
|
curtestie also curtesy also curtesye |
n. |
act of obeisance (to God) |
|
act of courtesy or politeness |
|
customable |
|
custome |
n. |
tribute, duty |
|
habitual practice |
|
cyte |
v. |
cite, summon formally to appear |
|
|
[d] |
dalyethe |
v. |
dallies, trifles under the guise of serious action |
|
dampnest |
|
dastard |
|
dasynge |
|
daunger |
n. |
jurisdiction, power to inflict physical injury |
|
|
|
dausinge |
|
deade also dede |
|
deadly |
adv. |
implacably, to the death |
|
excessively |
|
deare |
|
deare |
adv. |
in the phrase, as deare bought: redeemed at as great a cost |
|
debite |
|
decayed |
adj. |
reduced in prosperity |
|
declareth |
v. pr. 3 s. |
explains, makes clear |
|
decretals |
n. |
papal decrees or decretal epistles |
|
dedely also dedlye also deedly also deedlye |
adj. |
deadly, mortal |
|
entailing spiritual death |
|
aiming to destroy, implacable |
|
deed |
n. |
dead |
adj. |
in the phrase, the deed: the dead |
|
deferre also dyffer |
|
defiaunce |
n. |
renunciation of allegiance |
|
declaration of hostility |
|
defie also defye also diffie |
|
degre also degree |
n. |
rank, grade, order, social station |
|
relative conditions or states of being |
|
dekaie |
v. |
decline |
|
fall into ruin |
|
delectacion also delectation |
|
delicious |
adj. |
tending to sensuous indulgence, luxurious |
|
delyuer also delyver also delyvre |
v. |
set free, liberate, rescue |
|
departe |
|
depe |
|
depely also depelye |
|
describeth |
v. |
gives a detailed account of |
|
desease also disease |
n. |
disease, disquiet, trouble |
|
evil tendency |
|
deserued |
|
deseruinges also dservynges |
|
deserve |
v. |
to acquire through virtuous actions |
|
desier |
|
desire also desyer also desyre |
v. |
request, ask for (a thing of or from someone) |
|
request, entreat (someone for a thing) |
|
desperacion also desperation |
|
despice |
|
despiced |
adj. |
despised, looked down upon |
|
detecte |
|
determe |
|
detestat |
|
dett |
|
deuocion also deuotion |
n. |
reverence |
|
devout dedication (to a person, cause, or thing) |
|
deuorced |
n. |
one who is divorced, divorcée |
|
deuorcement |
|
deuoure |
|
deuyne |
adj. |
in the phrase, deuyne seruice: divine service, public worship of God |
|
devorce also devorse |
|
dewes |
n. |
dews, things likened to dew in having refreshing power |
|
diet also diote |
v. |
to regulate a person's food as a punishment |
|
diffiaunce |
n. |
defiance, renunciation of allegiance; declaration of hostility |
|
dignities |
n. |
persons of high office |
|
dignitaries |
|
diligenterly |
|
directe |
|
disalowed |
adj. |
not accepted to be valid |
|
rejected, repudiated |
|
disanull |
v. |
make null and void, abolish |
|
disceaueablenesse |
n. |
deceivableness, deceitfulness |
|
disceueable |
|
discharged |
pp. discharged of |
exempted from |
|
disconsent |
|
discret also discrete also dyscrete |
adj. |
prudent, possessing sound judgement, judicious |
|
disgeste |
|
disgised |
|
disgisnge |
n. |
assumption of a disguise |
|
giving of a false representation (i.e., trickery) |
|
disgraduate |
v. |
depose from a degree or dignity, deprive of rank or
privilege |
|
disgresse |
v. |
disgrade, degrade, remove ecclesiastical status |
|
disheret |
|
dispayre also dispeare |
|
dispence also dispense |
v. |
grant dispensation |
|
allow exemption from a rule |
|
dispensars |
n. |
dispensers, disseminators |
|
dispicience |
|
dispicions |
|
displeasure |
|
dipose |
v. |
regulate or govern in an orderly way |
|
control |
|
disused |
adj. |
disaccustomed, made to become unused (to anything) |
|
diuellishlie |
adv. |
devilishly, wickedly |
|
diuerse |
adj. |
diverse, different in character |
|
diverse, various |
|
diuinite also diuinitie |
n. |
divinity, theology |
|
in the phrase, hie diuinitie: authority or high status of holder of a theological degree and/or office in the Church |
|
do |
v. |
in the phrase, do the: render unto you |
|
doblinge |
|
docter also doctor also doctoure |
n. |
learned divine |
|
holder of doctorate degree in theology |
|
doctrine |
|
domage |
|
domme also doume |
adj. |
meaningless, stupid, senseless |
|
domnation |
|
done |
|
doo |
v. to doo n. phr. |
ado, business, fuss |
|
doothe also dothe also doeth also doethe |
|
dosen also dossen |
|
doubte also doute also dowbte |
|
doucheland |
|
doute |
|
draffe |
|
draue |
|
drawen |
adj. |
drawn, attracted |
|
enticed |
|
derived |
|
draweth |
v. |
in the phrase, draweth from: draws (one) apart from |
|
separates (one) from |
|
dresse |
v. inf. dresse . . . meate |
prepare for use as
food |
|
drieth also dryeth |
|
drinkinge |
adj. |
swalling down (food or drink) |
|
dronk also dronke |
|
dronken |
adj. |
intemperate, unreasonable, as a drunken person is |
|
drudge |
|
dryueth |
|
duckynge |
|
dulia |
n. |
veneration given to saints and angels |
|
dunce |
|
disciple of Duns Scotus, subtle reasoner |
|
durst |
|
dutie also dutye also dute |
|
dyd |
|
dyner |
|
dyontinge |
n. |
dieting, limiting the quantity of food as a punishment |
|
dysapoynte |
v. |
in the phrase, dysapoynte the of: frustrate your expectation of |
|
dysposed |
adj. |
in the phrase, dysposed...to: inclined to |
|
|
[e] |
eare |
n. |
in the phrase, eare confession: auricular confession |
|
eare |
v. |
plough, till the ground |
|
Ebrewe |
|
echone |
|
edifieng also edifienge |
n. |
spiritual instruction and improvement |
|
effecte |
n. |
essential significance |
|
meaning |
|
import |
|
fulfillment |
|
effeminate |
adj. |
womanly in the sense wanton, given to indulgence in sensual pleasures |
|
efeminatly |
adv. |
in an effeminate way, manner, or style |
|
egall |
|
elder |
n.3 Translation of NT "presbyteros," |
a class of officers in
the early Christian church |
|
electe |
adj. |
chosen by God for salvation |
|
electe |
n. 2 |
one chosen by God for salvation |
|
election |
n. |
God's choosing of some in preference to others for eternal salvation |
|
eles also elles also els also else |
|
encrease also encreace |
n. |
crops, produce |
|
bounty of the land |
|
increase, augmentation |
|
endeuoure |
n. |
effort, strenuous attempt |
|
endeuoure also endeuer |
|
endote |
|
enduceth |
|
endure |
|
enfeffe |
v. |
invest, grant ownership |
|
enforce |
|
enforcement |
n. |
energetic activity, the putting forth of effort |
|
enforme |
|
enhabyters |
|
enheret also enherett |
|
enheritaunce |
|
enjoyne also ioyne |
v. |
impose or prescribe (a penalty, task, obligation, esp. penance) on or to a person |
|
ensample also exsample |
n. |
example in the sense model (of conduct, of vertue) |
|
illustrative instance |
|
enserch |
|
entente |
n. |
intent, purpose |
|
intended function |
|
enterpret |
v. |
interpret, explain |
|
construe |
|
entreat |
|
entreted also entreaded |
|
entrynge |
|
enuye also enuie |
n. |
hostile feeling, ill-will |
|
envye |
|
eny also ony |
|
equite |
|
erbe |
|
ergo |
|
ernest also yernest |
|
erre |
|
erthie |
|
erthyshe |
|
espieth |
|
estape |
|
estate |
n. |
status, standing, position in the world |
|
condition, state |
|
occupation |
|
estemed |
adj. |
esteemed, considered |
|
valued |
|
etche |
|
ether |
|
etherother |
|
euel also euell |
adj. |
unfortunate |
|
in the phrase, euel conscience: guilty conscience, bad conscience |
|
euell |
adv. |
in the phrase, euell content: ill-contented, displeased |
|
in the phrase, euell fauoured: ugly, defective |
|
euen |
|
euen also even |
adv. |
namely, that is to say |
|
exactly, precisely |
|
euer also ever |
|
euer more also euermore |
|
evensonge |
n. |
vespers, evening prayer or devotion |
|
evidently |
|
exalt also exalte |
v. |
raise in rank, honor, power, wealth |
|
examen also examyn |
v. |
examine, judge or appraise according to a standard |
|
exceadinge also exceadinghly also excedinge |
adv. |
exceedingly, extremely |
|
exceadinge1 |
adj. |
extremely great |
|
of surpassing excellence |
|
exceapte |
|
excepte |
ppl. a. |
excepted, exempted |
|
excercice |
n. |
disciplinary suffering, fasting |
|
excesse |
|
excomunicat |
pp. |
excluded by an authoritative sentence from participation in the sacraments |
|
execrat |
|
executed |
|
exempcions also exemptions |
n. |
privilege by which persons or institutions within the Church are exmpted from the jurisdiction of the ordinary (e.g. the bishop of one's diocese, the arch-bishop of one's province) and placed directly under that of the Holy See |
|
exercise |
n. |
religious observance, worship |
|
exercised |
v. pa. |
gained skill by practice |
pp. |
employed habitually, practised |
|
expedyent |
|
experte |
|
exposicion also exposition |
n. |
interpretation |
|
commentary |
|
expresly |
|
extremite |
n. |
extremity, utmost degree |
|
utmost degree of suffering |
|
eye service |
n. |
service performed merely for outward
show or when under observation |
|
|
[f] |
faces |
|
facion also fassion also fassyon also fation |
n. |
fashion, manner |
|
appearance |
|
kind, sort |
|
facion also fassion also fassyon also fation |
|
fagat |
n. |
faggot, bundle of sticks |
|
faine |
adj. |
glad under the circumstances |
|
faintie |
|
faith |
n. felinge faith |
conviction practically operative on the character and will |
|
fall |
sb 1. (Sense not in OED) abbreviated form of |
offal: refuse, waste |
|
fall |
v. |
in the phrase, fall flat vppon: depend entirely upon |
|
fallinge sycknesse |
|
falshed also falsheed |
n. |
falsehood, deceitfulness |
|
familier |
adj. |
familiar, unceremonious (as among family or close friends) |
|
famyshement |
|
fanon |
n. |
short band corresponding with the stole, originally a kind of napkin worn on left wrist of celebrant at Mass |
|
fare |
|
fare |
v. |
in the phrase, fare the worse: experience worse fortune or treatment |
|
fareth |
v. 1 pr. 3 s. fareth . . . foule with him selfe |
behaves in an ugly manner |
|
farthinge also ferdinge also ferthinge also ferthynge |
n. |
farthing (a quarter penny) |
|
fautie |
adj. |
guilty of wrong-doing |
|
fast |
|
fast |
|
fate also fatte |
n. |
the richest, choicest part of anything |
|
fatherhed |
n. |
fatherhood, a title of respect or respectful form of address for the pope or other high-ranking ecclesiastic |
|
fauouringe |
adj. |
looking kindly upon, approving |
|
faute |
|
fautlesse |
adj. |
faultless, irreproachable |
|
fayne |
|
fayne |
|
fayne |
|
fayne |
v. |
feign fayne them conjure
up |
|
faynedly |
adv. |
feignedly, deceitfully |
|
fayre |
|
feade |
|
fealinge |
n. |
feeling, sense of touch |
|
fealowship |
n. |
fellowship, communion, spiritual union |
|
fealte |
|
feare |
v |
frighten, inspire with fear |
|
feasterd |
|
fele |
v. |
apprehend |
|
come to know |
|
feleable |
|
felinge |
n. |
belief based on emotion or intuition and not solely on reason |
|
felow |
n. |
fellow man as in brother, neighbor |
|
fenix |
|
ferme |
|
ferre |
|
ferre forth |
adv. |
to the specified extent and no more |
|
feruentnes |
n. |
ardor, eagerness, zeal |
|
feryth |
|
fett also fetche |
v. pa. fett out |
fetched out, drew forth |
v. inf. |
obtain
|
|
feyth |
n. |
in the phrase, feyth of: faith in |
|
fiarce |
|
fifte also fyfte |
|
figure |
n. |
in logic, a form determined by the different position of the middle term in the premises of a syllogism |
n. pl. |
in rhetoric, the various forms of expression, deviating from the normal arrangment or use of words, adopted to give beauty, variety or force to a composition
|
|
figured |
pp. |
represented typically, symbolically |
|
finde also fynde |
|
fine |
|
fingers also fyngers |
n. |
in the phrase, feale at oure fungers endes: sense and know readily and certainly |
|
in the phrase,lo(o)ke thorow the fyngers (at): take no heed of, pretend not to see |
|
flappe |
n. |
in the phrase, flappe with a foxe tayle: slap with a fox tail, i.e. trivial rebuke |
|
flat |
adv. |
in the phrase, flat sowthe: due south |
|
flater also flatter |
v. |
to try to win favor by obsequious speech or conduct |
|
to court |
|
fled |
pp. |
hastened for protection |
|
flese |
n. |
quantity of wool shorn from a sheep at one time |
|
flesh also fleshe |
|
fleshlie also fleshlye |
adv. |
materially as opposed to spiritually |
|
with concern for the present life |
|
fleashely also fleshelye also fleshlie |
adj. |
bodily, physical |
|
worldly, carnal as opposed to spiritual |
|
concerned with or influenced by the present life |
|
flotesse |
n. |
grease floating on surface of a liquid, esp. skimmed fat, dripping |
|
flye |
|
fole |
|
folyshe |
adj. |
foolish |
|
insignificant, trifling |
|
fontanye |
|
foo |
|
for |
prep. |
as a precaution against, on account of, in spite of |
|
forbere |
|
forbyddeth |
|
fore- |
prefix foresinnes n. pl. |
previous sins |
|
foregood dedes |
n. |
good deeds formerly performed |
|
forgote |
|
fore sinnes also fore synnes |
n. |
sins formerly committed |
|
forsoke |
v. |
forsook, abandoned |
|
renounced, repudiated allegiance to |
|
for southe |
|
forswere |
v. |
deny, repudiate |
|
abandon or renounce on oath, abjure |
|
forsworne |
|
for that |
conj. |
for the reason
that |
|
forther |
|
forth on |
|
forth with |
|
forthynke |
v. |
be sorry for, repent of |
|
forthynkynge |
|
fortuned |
v. |
happened, chanced to occur |
|
fote |
|
fotestole |
|
fought |
|
found |
|
foundacions |
n. |
endowed institutions, monasteries |
|
founders |
n. |
endowers |
|
openly, broadly |
|
frame |
adj. (Form and meaning not in OED) |
square |
|
framed |
|
franke |
adj. |
in the phrase, fre & franke: either independent of others' jurisdiction or free of legal and moral restraints |
|
fratrye |
|
freatynge |
adj. |
gnawing, consuming, wasting |
|
openly, broadly |
|
frequented |
|
frete |
v. |
fret, gradually destroy, corrode |
|
frewil |
|
frowarde |
adj. |
unreasonable, perverse |
|
frowardnesse |
n. |
perversity, wrongheadedness |
|
fructeful also fructful |
adj. |
fruitful, productive of good results, good works |
|
fructe also frute |
n. |
abvantage, benefit, profit |
|
offspring, progeny |
|
frutelese also fructlesse |
adj. |
fruitless, useless |
|
unprofited, not attaining one's object |
|
fryer also fryre |
|
full |
adj. |
fully provided for |
|
having great wealth |
|
full |
|
fullfill also full fill |
v. |
fully supply what is wished for |
|
carry out, complete |
|
fulnesse |
n. |
the condition of being well provided for, of having great wealth |
|
furder |
|
furyousnesse |
|
fydelyte |
n. |
fidelity, loyalty, allegiance |
|
fynde |
|
|
[g] |
gable |
n. |
rope or cable, esp. one used on a ship |
|
gape |
v. |
in the phrase, gape for: be eager to obtain |
|
gather |
|
gaye |
|
gendereth |
v. |
engenders, gives rise to |
|
generacion |
n. |
breed, kind |
|
in the phrase, new generacion: regeneration, spiritual renewal |
|
gentill men |
n. |
gentlemen, men of gentle birth |
|
gest |
n. |
romance, story |
|
idle tale |
|
get also gete |
v. |
obtain |
|
come to a state or condition |
|
beget |
|
geue |
|
glasse |
|
glerynge |
adj. |
glaring, fiercely staring |
|
gloriouse |
adj. |
possessing glory, magnificent |
|
splendid in beauty or richness of adornment in an ironic sense |
|
ostentatious |
|
proud |
|
glose |
v. |
in the phrase, glose out: veil with glosses, explain away |
|
gloses |
n. pl. |
marginal notes, expositions |
|
Godly |
adj. |
of or relating to God |
|
divine |
|
godly |
adv. |
in a godly manner |
|
divinely |
|
Godwarde also godward |
adv. |
in the phrase, to Godwarde: towards God |
|
Godys also Godes also goddes |
|
goeth |
v. pr. 3 s. goeth to |
get to work |
|
goo |
|
good |
|
good |
n. |
property, possessions |
|
money |
|
gorge |
n. cast his gorge |
express extreme disgust |
|
gostlie also gostlye |
adj. |
spiritual |
|
belonging to an ecclesiastical order |
|
gouernars also gouerners |
n. |
(church) officials |
|
governers, rulers |
|
goulde |
|
governaunce |
n. |
manner or method of governing |
|
gowne |
|
grace |
n. |
Divine influence which regenerates and sanctifies
humans |
|
sexual favor |
n. pl. |
dispensations from some of the statuable conditions required for a university degree |
|
graffed |
adj. |
in the phrase, graffed into: grafted into |
|
form a vital, indissoluble union with |
|
grasse |
|
graunt |
n. |
admission, acknowledgment |
|
graunte |
|
great |
n. |
in the phrase, in great: in total, in all |
|
greate |
|
gredines also gredinesse |
n. |
in the phrase, gredines(se) (of, to): greediness, eagerness (for, to) |
|
greffe |
n. |
grief, suffering |
|
harm, offence |
|
greit |
|
grenegynger |
|
greuouse |
adj. |
grievous, burdensome, oppressive |
|
deserving of heavy penalties |
|
gropithe |
v. |
gropes |
|
attempts to find something by feeling about as in the dark or as a blind person |
|
grosly |
adv. |
plainly |
|
in plain terms |
|
grosse |
adj. |
of conspicuous magnitude, obvious |
|
grote |
n. |
groat, English coin issued 1351–1662 equal to four
pence |
|
grouge |
v. |
grudge, grumble, complain |
|
growen |
adj. |
in the phrase, growen in: grown in, progressed toward maturity in |
|
grudge |
n. |
reluctance |
|
scruple, misgiving |
|
grudge1 |
v. |
in the phrase, grudge agaynst: complain about |
|
gulden |
n. |
gold coin formerly current in the Netherlands and part of Germany
|
|
gylden |
adj. |
overlaid with a thin coat of gold. Mistake for gilded, first use (3.), this instance. wonne his gylden spores to gain knighthood by some act of valor , to attain distinction |
|
gyse |
|
|
[h] |
habite |
n. |
in the phrase, holye habite: dress of the order |
|
habundance |
|
haleweith |
v. |
makes holy, sanctifies |
|
halinge |
|
halt |
|
halowenges |
v. 1 vbl. n. pl. |
consecrate
(2.) |
v.2 vbl. n. pl. |
shout, in order to urge on dogs to the chase
(2.) |
|
hande |
n. |
in the phrase, in his hande: under his authority, subject to him |
|
handy craftes |
n. |
handicrafts, manual trades |
|
hange on |
|
happie |
|
happly also happlie also happelye |
adv. |
perhaps, maybe |
|
by chance, by accident |
|
hard |
|
harde |
adj. |
difficult to accomplish |
|
hardye |
adj. |
bold, courageous, daring |
|
hatedest |
|
haue |
v. |
do, perform |
|
take part in |
|
haxeth |
|
haynouse |
|
heade also hede |
|
healthe |
n. |
spiritual well-being |
|
salvation |
|
physical health |
|
heare |
|
hedie |
|
hedy |
adj. |
headstrong, impetuous |
|
heed |
|
heed |
|
heedinesse |
n. |
headiness, rashness, obstinacy |
|
heere |
|
helpe |
|
henge |
|
hepe |
|
herars |
|
herber |
|
herby also herbie |
|
here |
|
here of |
|
here vn to |
|
herfore |
adv. |
for this reason, on this account, therefore |
|
herken also harken |
|
herof |
|
herted also harted |
adj. |
in the phrase, impure (and vncleane) harted: having a heart defiled by sin |
|
hertelye |
|
hertes |
n. |
hearts, intents, desires |
|
hertlesse |
adj. |
lacking in understanding, foolish |
|
dejected, disheartened |
|
heruest |
n. |
harvest, ripened grain |
|
herynge |
|
hethen |
n. |
in the phrase, the hethen: the heathens, the Gentiles |
|
heue |
v. inf. |
strive, press with force |
|
hewen |
adj. |
in the phrase, hewen downe: cut down, felled |
|
heyer also heyre |
n. |
heir, reightful recipient |
|
heyre also herre |
|
hie also hye |
adj. |
high, exalted, of exalted rank |
|
high, abstruse |
|
hie |
n. |
in the phrase, from an hie: from a high position |
|
him also hym |
|
hir also hyr |
|
his |
|
historie |
adj. |
in the phrase, historie faithe: historical faith, i.e. theological faith based on historical evidenced as opposed to the text of the Bible or on a personal or religious conviction |
|
hoale |
|
hoale also whoale |
adj. |
whole, entire |
|
healthy |
|
virtuous, morally and spiritually sound |
|
hold |
v. pres, hold harde |
maintain one's position
vigorously |
|
holde |
|
holdeth |
v. |
subsists or is valid in, has significance in |
|
hole also whoale |
|
holsome also holzom also wholsome |
adj. |
wholesome, beneficial, salutary |
|
holy goost |
n. |
Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit |
|
honeste |
|
honestye |
|
hongre |
|
hongre |
|
hongrie |
|
howe |
adv. |
in the phrase, how(e) that: how |
|
in the manner, as |
|
howe be it also howe beit also howbe it |
adv. |
nevertheless |
|
however |
|
how euer so also howe so euer also howsoeuer |
adv. |
in whatsoever manner |
|
however |
|
to whatever extent |
|
howseled |
pp. |
administered the Eucharist |
|
how so ofte |
|
hunderfolde also hundred folde also hundredfole |
n. |
hundred times the amount |
|
hundreth also hundrethe |
|
husbande |
|
husband man |
|
hye minded |
|
hypocritishe |
|
hyer |
|
|
[i] |
Iack off napis |
n. |
jackanapes, name for a tame ape or monkey |
|
iayle |
|
Idole |
n. |
idol; applied polemically to any material object of worship in a Christian church |
|
ieoparde |
|
ieopardie also iepardye also ieoperdy |
|
ieopardous |
adj. |
jeopardous, dangerous |
|
iesteth |
|
iestynge |
|
image also ymage |
n. |
statue, effigy, sculpted figure |
|
imagen |
v. |
imagine, devise, plot, plan |
|
imagerie |
n. |
use of images in worship |
|
idolatry |
|
imageseruaunt also image server also ymageseruer |
n. |
one who worships images, idolater |
|
imageseruice also ymageseruice |
n. |
worship of images, idolatry |
|
imaginacion also ymaginacion |
n. |
a mental image (often with the implication that the conception is false) |
|
impaciencie |
|
impassible |
adj. |
incapable of
suffering |
|
importune |
adj. |
persistent in solicitation |
|
impotencie |
n. |
utter inability, helplessness |
|
improfitable |
adj. |
unprofitable, useless |
|
improue |
v. |
disprove, refute |
|
to show to be wrong or false |
|
imputeth |
v. |
lays to the charge |
|
holds as due |
|
in |
prep. |
on |
|
in the process of, in the act of |
|
in as moche as |
conj. |
in view of the fact that, since |
|
incensinge |
|
incircumspecte |
adj. |
incautious, heedless, imprudent |
|
inconuenientes |
n. |
morally unfitting acts,
abuses |
|
troubles, misfortunes |
|
inconuenyence |
n. |
inconvenience, offense |
|
indentyd |
adj. |
formed by mutual covenant |
|
indifferent |
adj. |
impartial |
|
nonessential to salvation |
|
indurat also indurate |
adj. |
hardened, stubborn, obstinate |
|
infect also infecte |
|
infirmite also infirmyte |
n. |
infirmity, physical weakness |
|
moral weakness |
|
iniquite |
|
iniurye |
n. |
injury, insult, disparagement |
|
in lyke wyse |
|
inough |
adj. modifying n. pl. |
enough |
|
in so moch also in so moche |
adv. |
in the phrase, in so moch(e) that: to such an extent that, so that |
|
insperation |
n. |
inspiration, a breathing or infusion into the soul |
|
instantly also instantlye |
adv. |
urgently,
persistently |
|
institute |
adj. |
established, instituted |
|
intemperancie |
n. |
immoderation, excessive indulgence of appetite |
|
interdyte |
v. pres. |
cut off authoritatively from religious functions or privileges |
|
interpreters |
n. |
in the phrase, interpreters to euell that: those who attribute to evil intentions that which |
|
inuade |
|
inuencion |
n. |
contrivance, fabrication |
|
making up |
|
inveyeth |
v. pr. 3 s. |
violently reproaches |
|
in warde |
adv. |
inwardly |
|
spiritually |
|
inwardes |
|
iorney |
|
iot also iote also iott |
n. |
jot, iota, least point |
|
Irish |
n. pl. the wild Irish |
The tribes who lived "beyond the pale," not subject to English rule |
|
issue |
|
item |
|
iuelles |
|
iuggelynge |
|
iugle |
v. |
to deceive by jugglery |
|
to trick, beguile |
|
iuglinge |
|
iugulars |
n. pl. |
jugglers,
tricksters |
|
iustefie also iustifie also iustifye |
v. |
to absolve |
|
to declare righteous |
|
iustifienge |
n. |
the action of making or accounting just |
|
|
[k] |
K |
|
kakebreade |
n. |
cake-bread, bread of the dainty quality of cake |
|
kay |
|
kendle |
|
kepe |
v. |
be on guard against some action or occurrence, beware |
|
preserve, observe |
|
care for, protect, preserve |
|
kerued |
|
ketch also ketche also catch |
v. |
catch, grab |
|
ensnare, entrap |
|
killinge |
adj. |
destroying |
|
suppressing |
|
knowen |
adj. |
known |
|
in the phrase, bene knowen of: had sexual intercourse with |
|
knowledge also knowlege |
|
knowlege |
|
knytte |
|
kycke |
v. |
in the phrase, kycke agaynst: object to |
|
kynd |
n. |
gender |
n. pl. |
kin, kindred |
|
kynde |
|
|
[l] |
laboure |
n. |
in the phrase, make laboure to: exert influence on |
|
lacked |
|
lade |
v. inf. |
load, chiefly in immaterial sense |
|
lak |
|
lamprese |
n. |
lampreys (fish resembling an eel) |
|
largest |
adj. |
freest, most unrestrained |
|
last |
n. |
in the phrase, at the last: finally |
|
lat |
|
late |
adj. |
belonging to a recent period |
|
laten |
|
later |
adj. later end |
latter end, concluding
part |
|
latere |
n. |
in the phrase, (Lat.) legate a latere: papal legate appointed for a particular mission |
|
law |
v. |
in the phrase, law with: sue, bring lawsuit against |
|
lawe |
|
lawest |
|
lay also laye |
|
laye |
|
layser also leysure |
n. |
opportunity |
|
available time |
|
in the phrase, lordes layser: that time that is of God's choosing |
|
lease |
|
least also leaste |
conj. |
lest, for fear that |
|
leaue |
|
legendes |
n. pl. |
stories of lives of
saints |
|
lend |
v. |
in the phrase, lend mighte lent of his powre: delegate(d) his power |
|
lenght |
|
leppe |
v. |
Northern variant for leap |
|
lerned |
|
lerninge also lernynge |
|
lesse |
adj. |
inferior, smaller |
|
in the phrase, not the lesse...of one iote: not the least bit less |
|
lest |
|
let also lett |
n. |
hindrance, obstruction |
|
lette |
pp. |
prevent |
v. inf. |
leave
undone |
|
leuen |
n. |
leaven, modifying admicture that (in negative sense) corrupts |
|
(in positive sense) brings to perfection |
|
luended |
|
leueneth |
|
leuer |
adv. |
in the phrase, thou haddest leuer: you would rather |
|
leueth also leveth |
|
lewde |
adj. |
common, of low social status |
|
ill-mannered, ill-bred |
|
wicked, unpricipled, good-for-nothing |
|
li |
n. |
librae, pounds (currency) |
|
liberalitie also liberalyte |
n. |
liberality, generosity |
|
libertie also libertye also libertyie |
n. |
freedom from restraint, license |
|
immunities enjoyed by grant |
|
licence also lycence |
n. |
permission, leave |
|
documents granting permission |
|
lien |
|
lieng |
|
lifte also lyfte |
|
light |
n. |
source of light |
|
instrument of understanding |
|
illumination, true teaching, divine truth |
|
light |
|
light also lyght |
adj. |
slight, trivial |
|
slight, frivolous |
|
lightlie also lightlye also lyghtlye |
|
like also lyke |
adj. |
likely, probable |
|
similar, identical |
|
like |
adv. |
likely |
|
equally, alike, in the same manner |
|
like |
v. subj. and it like |
if it please |
|
likenes also likenesse also lykenesse |
n. |
comparison, analogy |
|
image, form |
|
limeteriers |
|
liste |
v. pres. what him liste |
what is pleasing to him 185/5;
wish |
v. pr. 3
s. |
pleases |
|
listeth |
|
litle also lytle |
n. |
in the phrase, a litle and (a) litle, by litle & litle: gradually, by small degrees |
|
liuely also liuelie |
adj. |
living |
|
vigorous |
|
of faith: expressing or conveying spiritual or eternal life |
|
liuely |
adv. |
as a living person |
|
vigorously |
|
liuinge also liuynge also lyuinge |
n. |
life, manner of living |
vbl.
n. |
income |
|
loboures |
|
lokynge |
n. |
looking in the sense appearance |
|
longe |
adj. |
tall, lengthy |
|
prolix, tedious |
|
longe |
|
longe |
|
looke |
v. |
in the phrase, looke for: anticipate, expect, be on the watch for |
|
loose |
|
loothe also loth |
adj. |
loath, reluctant, unwilling |
|
lordis |
|
lose also loose |
v. |
loose, release |
|
absolve |
|
losw also lowse |
adj. |
loose, free from physical restraint |
|
loue day |
n. |
loveday, day appointed for amicable settling of a dispute |
|
louely |
|
lowd |
|
lowly |
|
lowse |
|
lowsye |
|
lubboures |
n. pl. |
clumsy stupid fellows, especially those who live in idleness; frequently applied to
monks |
|
lucre |
|
lust |
n. |
pleasure |
n.
pl. |
desires |
|
lust |
|
lustie also lustye |
adj. |
healthy, strong, vigorous |
|
desirous, keen |
|
lye |
v. |
tell lies about, speak falsehood |
|
lyenge |
|
lyeth |
v. pr. |
3 s. exists, is
found |
|
lyght |
adv. |
in the phrase, lyght manered: frivolous, unthinking |
|
lyghten |
|
lyken |
|
lymmes |
n. |
limbs in the sense wicked agents |
|
imps of Satan |
|
lyppe |
n. |
in the phrase, lyppe prayers: prayers merely from the lips, not heartfelt |
|
lyste |
|
|
[m] |
mad also madde |
adj. |
mad, foolish |
|
in the phrase, mad vpon: carried away by enthusiasm for |
|
made |
adj. |
in the phrase, made for: furthered, advanced |
|
magnifyenge |
|
mahometrie |
|
maintene also mayntain also maynteme also mayneteyne |
v. |
practice, observe |
|
keep, preserve |
|
uphold, defend |
|
provide with livelihood, bear the expenses of |
|
maior |
adj. used absolutely |
premise of a syllogism which contains the major term |
|
maior |
|
maist also mayst |
|
maketh also makyth |
|
malapertenesse also malapertnes |
n. |
impudence, presumption |
|
malmesaye |
|
mamalukes |
n. |
slavish champions or supporters |
|
manchetes |
n. pl. |
small loaves of finest wheaten bread |
|
maner |
n. |
manner, behavior, way |
|
kinds, sorts of |
|
manifest |
adj. |
open to view or comprehension |
|
manifest |
adv. |
manifestly, obviously |
|
marchaundice also marchaundise also merchaundise |
n. |
the business of a merchant |
|
commerce, trading |
|
mark also marke |
|
marmelad |
n. |
marmalade, fruit preserves |
|
marmesettes |
|
marre |
v. |
in the phrase, marre al: destroy everything, fail completely |
|
maruell |
n. |
in the phrase, Nether anye maruell: nor is it any wonder |
|
mary |
|
mase |
|
mastrie also mastry |
n. |
mastery, victory, dominion |
|
controller, ruler |
|
mater |
n. |
in the phrase, maketh no mater: it is of no importance |
|
matter, affair |
|
matrimonie |
n. |
in the phrase, breakethe hir matrimonie: commits adultery |
|
mattens |
n. |
matins, public service preceding first mass on Sunday |
|
in the phrase, owre lady Mattens: matins (or Little Office) of the Virgin Mary (morning service preceding the first mass of the day) |
|
the text for this service (included in The Book of Hours) |
|
maunchet |
n. |
manchet, a small, flat, circular loaf or roll of the finest wheaten bread |
|
mawes |
|
mayne |
adj. |
in the phrase, mayne see: high sea |
|
maynie also mayny also meanie |
n. |
meinie, many, multitude of persons |
|
mayntenaunce |
n. |
maintenance, upholding |
|
providing with requisites of life |
|
mayre |
|
maystres also maystresse |
|
meane |
|
meanynge |
n. |
interpretation of the meaning |
|
measure |
n. |
instrument for measuring |
|
measured quantity |
|
meate |
|
meates |
|
meke |
|
members also membres also menbres |
n. pl. |
parts of the body, limbs |
|
memoriall |
n. |
monument, shrine |
|
act of commemoration |
|
memory |
n. in a memory |
as a memorial,
memento |
|
mend also mende |
v. |
amend, reform |
|
corrected, put right |
|
mendesmakynge |
|
mennis also mennys |
|
merites |
n. |
righteousness |
|
good works viewed as entitling one to reward from God |
|
meruell |
n. |
marvel in the phrase, it is meruell: it is a wonder |
|
meruelouse |
adv. |
marvelously, extremely |
|
meryly also merely |
|
messe |
|
mete |
|
might |
n. aboue might |
beyond their strength
|
|
minde |
|
minishe |
v. |
diminish, make less in amount |
|
minister also ministre also mynister also mynistre |
v. |
supply |
|
direct, manage |
|
administer, dispense |
|
minor |
adj. used absolutely |
premise of a syllogism which contains the minor term |
|
minume |
n. |
minim, minuye particle |
|
mischaunces |
n. |
mishaps, unlucky accidents |
|
mischefe also mischeue also myscheffe also myscheue |
n. |
evil-doing, wickedness |
|
mischevouse |
adj. |
intending
harm |
|
miserable |
|
misteries |
|
misticall |
adj. |
allegorical, symbolical |
|
misticall body the Church |
|
mistrust also mystrust |
n. |
lack of trust, distrust |
|
lack of confidence |
|
doubt, skepticism |
|
mistrust also mystrust |
v. |
have no trust in, be without confidence |
|
moare |
adj. |
greater |
|
to a greater extent |
|
moare |
|
mocke |
|
moderat |
v. |
lessen the rigorousness of |
|
mollifie also mollyfye |
v. |
to soften in disposition |
|
relent |
|
moneth |
|
monyshe |
|
moo |
|
moorne |
v. |
mourn, feel sorrow or regret |
|
moren |
|
mornynge |
n. |
mourning |
|
in the phrase, in a mornynge: habitually in the morning |
|
mortuarye |
|
moseleth |
v. |
muzzles, imposes silence on |
|
most |
n. |
in the phrase, at the most: being the most, being all |
|
mote |
|
motions |
|
moue |
v. inf. |
bring forward, propound (a question) |
|
mourtherar also murtherar |
|
mowseth |
v. pr. 3 s. |
tears like a cat with a mouse |
|
moyst |
|
multitude |
|
murthar also murther |
|
muscadell |
|
myddes |
|
myer |
|
mygrim |
|
mylkesoppe |
n. |
milksop |
|
a feeble, timid, or ineffectual person |
|
coward |
|
mynd also mynde |
n. |
thought, inclination |
|
intention, desire |
|
memory, awareness |
|
mynistre |
n. |
minister, officer entrusted with the administration of justice |
|
myscheyouse |
adj. |
producing mischieg or harm |
|
having a harmful influence |
|
mysdoynge |
|
|
[n] |
nacions also nations |
n. |
nations, peoples united by ethnicity and culture |
|
countries, political states |
|
Nai |
adv. |
Used after affirmative clause |
|
namely |
adv. |
especially, particularly |
|
napken |
|
narew |
|
narowlye |
|
nat |
|
naturall |
adj. |
without spiritual enlightenment, unregenerate |
|
of a person's child, begotten |
|
in accordance with one's familial obligations |
|
naturally |
adv. |
in accordance with one's innate constitution or character |
|
naught |
|
naught also nought |
|
naughty also naughtye |
|
neadfull |
adj. |
in the phrase, neadfull to: necessary for |
|
necessite |
n. |
want, necessity, poverty |
|
pressing need |
|
nede also neade |
n. |
necessity |
|
at nede a time of difficulty |
|
of nede of necessity |
|
nede also neade |
v. |
need, require |
|
be under a necessity |
|
nedes |
|
ner |
|
nere |
|
nether also netheir |
|
neuer the later |
|
newnesse |
|
nexte |
adj. |
in the phrase, the nexte waye: the readiest way, the most convenient way |
|
neybour also neyboure |
|
no |
adj. |
in the phrase, haue no godes worde that: have not God's promise that, have no scriptural guarantee that |
|
no |
adv. |
Used after negative clause |
|
no also noo |
adv. |
in the phrase, whether...or no(o): whether...or not |
|
noman |
|
nombre |
n. |
number, count of persons |
|
(high) quantity |
|
nomoare |
|
nonce |
n. |
in the phrase, for the nonce: on purpose, expressly |
|
none |
|
none |
pron. |
in the phrase, none of theirs: not at all theirs |
|
no nother wise |
|
normites |
n. |
enormities, transgressions, crimes |
|
noseld |
pp. |
nuzzled, nurtured (a person) in some opinion |
|
nother |
|
nother |
|
nother ... ner |
|
not with stondinge also notwithstonding also notwithstondynge |
adv. |
nevertheless, all the same |
|
yet, still |
|
nought |
adj. |
worthless, useless |
|
immoral, vicious |
|
injurious |
|
nought |
n. |
nothing |
|
to doo noughte to do wrong |
|
noughty |
|
nouresh also noryshe |
v. |
bring up, rear, nurture |
|
nourture |
|
no whence |
adv. |
in the phrase, no whence els: from no other source |
|
nurtoure |
|
nye |
|
nye |
|
|
[o] |
obedience |
n. |
in the phrase, at the obedience of: in obedience to |
|
obligacions |
n. |
binding agreements, promises |
|
obsaruaunt also obseruaunt |
n. |
member of the Order of Franciscan or Minor Friars |
|
occasions also occasyons |
n. pl. |
opportunities (of
sin) |
n. 1 |
affairs, business |
|
occupied |
|
occupienge |
vbl. n. |
engaging,
busying |
|
occupye |
|
of |
|
offering |
adj. |
in the phrase, offering in to: donating or putting money in |
|
office also offyce |
n. |
moral obligation, duty towards others |
|
officer also offycer |
n. |
servant, minister |
|
administrator of law |
|
officialles |
n. |
presiding judges of ecclesiastical courts |
|
olde |
adj. |
olden, bygone |
|
(meaning not in OED)
grown-up |
|
long established |
|
olders |
|
on |
adj. |
the numeral one |
|
the same |
| |