Joseph R. Ashmead Diary
Joseph R Ashmead
Owensville
Ind
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October 5th 1861
1 Dear Friend when hence you go
To breast the storm of war
Our hearts shall feel that woe
And leap in the painful throe
Of friends when first they know
They must be parted far
2 Well might we weep if all
Was not periled now
It is our countrys Call.
Made in her fearful thrall
She wants she asks you all
Come to her rescue now
3 So uphold the flag of Stars
The glorious ensighn bright
Tear down the accursed "Bars"
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Invoke the fiery Mars
Swear by your Fathers scars
The end shall be the Right
4 Cease not till on the land
That God has given us
Exists no traitor band
That with poluteing hand
Would seek that flag to brand
As vile as infamous
5 [?], thy countrys glory
Still beams behind the cloud,
It shall pass, the story
Of her future Glory
Her fields of honor gory
Her calendar shall crowd
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6 Go and God preserve thee
From death in camp or field
Go the Right shall serve thee
Go win the win the victory
For Home God Liberty
Be thou our liveing Shield.
Lewis A Townsend
The above lines were written on the occasion of the departure of a very near friend for the field of danger May the blessing of Almighty God rest upon him, and grant to him a safe return to the embrace of those who love him so well
L A Townsend
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May the God above shield you from danger and return you safe from the battle field if it should be your lot to fall in the defence of our beloved Country may we meet on that bright shore where the sound of battle will never be heard no more. may you meet all that is near and dear to you while sojourning here below. be an example for your
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companions while in camp and be merciful to your foes when they cry for mercy for perhaps they have loved ones that is watching there return this is the wish of Your Brother
Haines
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Miss Sallie
Wilson
your Fred
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Enlisted Sept 30 1861
Went to camp Oct 7th and was mustered into the US Service Oct 8th by Col J G Jones N B French Captain of Company
Returned home Oct 12th and returned to camp Oct 17th
Removed from Camp Vanderburg to Camp Jones Oct 28th
Removed from C Jones to Camp Denby situated in the suburbs of the city of Henderson Ky came on board the S B Mattie
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Cook Reg in command of Col Jones & Lt Col Denby
Saturday Nov 23d Struck tents & went on S B M Cook to Spottsville Ky arrived at 9 PM
Tuesday Nov 26th Started at 10 PM on S B Courier to form Reg at Henderson
Wednesday No 27 Started to Calhoun Ky marched to Hatchitts Mills & encamped Thursday Nov 28 Marched to Green River 22 miles from Henderson very wet & muddy
Friday Nov 29th encamped
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on the opposite bank at Curdsville Day snowy & muddy Saturday 30 Marched 13 miles
Sunday Dec 1st Arrived at Calhoun at 10 AM marched 7 miles & encamped this being my 28th birth Day—
Thursday Jany 16th/62 marched from camp Calhoun at 4 PM to Sacramento 9 miles
Friday Jan 17 marched to South Carrolton & encamped muddy marching weather very wet from
New Year
Friday Jan 31st Moved from S Carrollton Reg't came by
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river came by land with the wagon train
Saturday Feby 1st Arrived at Ramsey at 10 Oclock March very wet & muddy water in places 3ft deep
Sunday Feby 2d Came in to the old camp
Sunday Feby 16th Left Calhoun at 10 oclock PM for Owensboro Destination Cumberland River
Monday Feby 17th Arrived at Owensboro at 11 oclock AM Distance 22 miles after a most fatiguing march rainy & muddy went on board S B Sallie List
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Monday Feby 17th Left Owensboro at 11 oclock PM and arrived at Smithland Ky Tuesday Feby 18th at 7 oclock PM Very pleasant voyage
Wednesday Feby 19 Left Smithland at 1 oclock PM & arrived at Mouth of Green river at 7 oclock AM Thursday Feby 20th left again for Evansville at 11 oclock AM Laid at Evansville until 3 PM Left for Paducah where we arrived on Friday at 6 PM being detained 20 hours at Cerlew Mines
Sunday Feby 23d Left Paducah for Cumberland river
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at 8½ oclock AM The fleet consisting of 49 steamers under command of Gen'l Nelson the departure of the fleet was a scene of grandeur unsurpassed we arrived at Smithland at 11 Oclock AM & proceeded up the Cumberland river until 8 PM then landed until day break in consequence of drift & wind at 935 AM we crossed the state line between Kentucky & Tennessee we are in a Seceded State at 1240 PM passed Fort Donelson Did not land Saw the Battle ground
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which bears evidence of the terrible conflict run until sundown & laid all night 5 miles below Clarksville Tenn
Tuesday Feby 25th passed Clarksville at sunrise occupied by union troops R Road bridge burned at 4 PM passed Ft Zollicoffer the place deserted & guns dismounted 6½ PM arrived at Nashville the city was surrendered at 11 AM the city quiet
Wednesday Feby 26th Debarked & passed through the city & camped 3 miles out on the Murfreesboro turnpike Camp Andrew
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Jackson found very little union sentiment in the city the weather warm & plum trees nearly in bloom
Sunday March 2d very warm rained very hard all night Since then very cold have been very unwell since came to this camp Reg't reduced to a mere skeleton from sickness only 150 men well Wednesday March 5th Witnessed the execution of a private in 24th Ohio Regt for shooting at an officer Sunday March 9th Came to Hospital in Nashville being unfit for duty
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Tuesday March 18th Heard speech of Hon A Johnson
Friday March 28th Left Nashville to join the Regt & arrived at Murfreesboro Sunday March 30th
Thursday Apr 3d struck our tents & started at 1 oclock PM & marched 15 miles—Apr 4 Started
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at 7½ AM & marched to Shelbyville 12 miles & went in camp one mile from town
April 9th moved into town & went into barracks
April 11th Companies B, C, F & K had a fight at Wartrace 8 miles from town 4 killed & 39 wounded Rebels loss between 60 & 80
April 14 (Monday) left Co H to guard Shelbyville & started to Wartrace at 9 Oclock PM arrived at 12 I came on the Rail Road being very unwell encamped ½ mile from
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the battle ground where we was reinforced by 4th Reg Ky Cavalry
Monday April 28th Struck our tents and marched to Shelbyville 8 miles During the march Capt Sanders killed one of his men Jas Divine the Capt was placed under arrest
Tuesday April 29th Marched 20 miles over a mountainous road with fine scenery
Wednesday Apr 30th After 6 miles march arrived at Fayetteville & went into camp on the bank
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of Elk river this is the finest encampment we have ever had
Thursday May 29th Left Fayetteville and marched 21 miles & encamped at 1 Oclock AM S Friday May 30 left camp & arrived at Camp Taylor at 10 AM passing through very fine country & through Huntsville Ala Very tiresome march
Remained at Huntsville until Aug 23d doing guard & picket duty many times all the men being on duty
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Saturday Aug 23d Started from Huntsville at 5 AM & march 27 miles & encamped at Rock Spring
Sunday Aug 24th Started at daybreak & marched 20 miles & encamped at Winchester
Monday Aug 25th Started at 3 AM Started & marched to Decherd Tenn & encamped. Commanded by Genl Smith
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Monday Sept 1st Arrived at Murfreesboro at 2 Oclock PM & encamped Post in Command of Col Hazen
Thursday Sept 4th Left Murfreesboro at 7 PM with 3d & 10 Ohio & 15th Ky Reg'ts Marched 10 miles & bivouaced for the night
Friday Sept 5th Marched within 3 miles of city of Nashville & encamped
Saturd'y Sept 6th Ordered to leave at 5 PM Crossed the
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Cumberland river & encamped in Edgefield
Sunday Sept 7th Marched 3 miles & encamped at 5 PM was ordered to march. Moved 8 miles & camped
Monday Sept 8th Marched all day & encamped at Thyataw Springs during the day crossed a mountain with fine scenery 3 US officers were captured by guerillas at the springs
Tuesday Sept 9th Marched at 4 AM marched all day encamped 2 miles from Franklin Ky
Wednesday Sept 10 Marched at 4 AM marched 20 miles & camped at Lost River
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a deep chasm about 200 yds long & 100 feet deep
Thursday Sept 11th Marched to Bowling Green & encamped having marched near 100 miles without a permanent camp
Tuesday Sept 16th Marched 3 PM from Boling Green Marched about 4 miles & camped
Wednesday Sept 17th Left camp at 6 AM traveled 16 miles on the L & N Turnpike made a detour to the right about 4 miles night wet had no tents or baggage very unpleasant
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Thursday Sept 18th left camp about 11 AM marched 12 miles to the Turnpike near Bells Tavern found the whole army in camp
Friday Sept 19th Marched 6 miles & went into position Some skirmishing during the day expect to fight the enemy at Mumfordsville
Sunday 21st Went on picket Marched for Mumfordsville at 4 PM Made a mistake in the road
Monday Sept 22d Marched at 3 PM crossed Green River
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before daylight took breakfast at at Bacons Creek Marched about 20 miles
Tuesday Sept 23d Wednesday Setp 25th & Thursday 26th Marched each day from 16 to 24 miles passing Elizabethtown & West Point & reached Louisville at daylight Friday Sept 27th at daylight having rested but two hours during the night marching 31 miles March very fatigueing road dusty & water scarce
Remained in the city of Louisville until Oct 1st
Wednesday Oct 1st Marched at 7 AM Marched about
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14 miles I was sick never saw soldiers so much fatigued
Thursday Oct 2d Marched about 16 miles to Taylorsville had some skirmishing on the advance (Genl McCook commands this Corps)
Friday Oct 3d Laid in camp until 7 PM Marched about 2 miles & bivouaced in line of battle
Saturday Oct 4th Marched to Bloomfield some skirmishing during the day
Sunday Oct 5th Staid in camp all day
Monday Oct 6th Marched
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about 10 miles over very hilly & rough roads
Tuesday Oct 7th Marched to Maxville 14 miles heard heavy firing during the day
Wednesday Oct 8th Marched at daybreak heard heavy cannonadeing during the morning at 10 Oclock AM were formed in line of battle were afterwards moved forward & occupied a deep ravine in front of Lo[?] Battery who comenced shelling the enemy at 11 AM at 1 PM the enemy came down in large numbers on our
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front & left with a battery on the right compelling us to fall back we afterward reformed behind the 10th Ohio we were then marched into the woods where we were ordered to stand the other Regts having fallen back we opened fire then comenced advancing on the enemy who retired until the Regt was nearly surrounded when we fell back & retired from the field having lost during the day 20 killed 126 wounded & 21 prisoners
Thursday Oct 9th Remained near the field collecting
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dead & wounded the enemy having retired during the night I passed over the field during the day Saw many dead a horrible sight
Friday Oct 10th Marched 3 miles & camped
Saturday Oct 11th Marched about 2 miles onto the Turnpike
Sunday Oct 12 Marched 6 miles & camped near Harrodsburg from what we could learn the Rebels lost heavily the loss in 3d Div was found to be 2090 men
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Monday Oct 13th Marched about 6 miles
Tuesday Oct 14 Marched 10 miles passed through Danville during the day
Wednesday Oct 15th Marched 15 miles passed through Stanford in the morning & Crab Orchard in the afternoon heard heavy firing during the morning Genl Crittendens Corps in the advance
Remained near Crab Orchard until Monday Oct 20 Started & marched about 14 miles & encamped
Tuesday Oct 21 Marched
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about 14 miles & encamped on the Rolling Fork about 16 miles from Lebanon
Wednesday Oct 22d Marched 23 miles encamped 7 miles from Lebanon on the Rolling Fork this was a very hard days march
Wednesday Oct 29th Started at 6 AM & marched to Green River & camped 2 miles from Greensburg Made 23 miles
Thursday Oct 30th Marched 16 miles & camped on Beaver Creek Oct 31st Marched some
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5 miles beyond on Breaver Creek Sunday Nov 2d came to Barren River marched 20 miles
Monday Nov 3d Marched about 2 miles & encamped 3 miles from B. Green
Sunday Nov 9th Marched 6 miles & encamped at Lost River
Monday Nov 10th Marched 20 miles & camped 3 south of Franklin Ky
Tuesday Nov 11th Marched 6 miles & camped at Mitchellville Tenn
Saturday Nov 15th Got leave of absence & started in
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company with Lt Col Shanklin for Home arrived in Louisville at 6 PM.
Sunday Nov 16 Remained in Louisville until 8 PM During the day saw Tom Richards & R B Lucas & others belonging to the Reg't on
Monday Nov 17th arrived in Indianapolis 6 Oclock AM stayed all day received commission as 2d Lieut Co E started to Terre Haute at 10 PM
Tuesday Nov 18th Left Terre Haute at 630 & arrived at Home at 5 PM taking all by surprise at my arrival
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Wednesday Nov 26th Left Home & went to Evansville
Thursday Nov 27 Started to the Regt arriving in Louisville at 5 AM Nov 28th Remained until Monday Dec 1st Started from Louisville at 8 AM left the train at Mitchellville the Regt being at Tyree Spring
This is my Twenty Ninth
Birth Day
Tuesday Dec 2d Started to Tyree Springs arriving at 5 PM found the Regt under marching orders to leave next morning at 6 AM.
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Tuesday Dec 3d Marched to Edgefield Junction 12 miles & encamped I was assigned to duty in the Company this morning
Wednesday Dec 4th Marched to Edgefield and encamped on the Cumberland river 2 miles from Nashville distance 12 miles
Wednesday Dec 10th Started at 4 Oclock AM & marched 6 miles & encamped 4 miles from Nashville on the Franklin Pike
Friday Dec 26th Marched at 8 AM went 8 miles & camped on the Wilson Pike
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Saturday Dec 27th Marched to Nolinville 9 miles over very mudy rough road was ordered to forward PM but returned to town in the evening rained heavily PM skirmishing on front all day
Sunday Dec 28 Marched at 4 PM to Stewarts Creek on N & M Pike of 8 miles of worst kind of road went into camp about 1 AM
Tuesday 30th Dec Marched at daylight went 7 miles lay in line the rest of the day Heavy fighting in front
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that night slept in tents the last time until Jany 8th ten days
Wednesday Dec 31st Marched at 6 AM & went into line about 9 AM was ordered to the right & was soon engaged with the enemy was wounded & compelled to leave the field saw the Regt no more until next morning Came near being killed by shell in the evening
Thursday Jany 1st 1863 Joined Regt about 8 AM Shortly after went into line & remained stationary all day frequent heavy firing during the day
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Friday Jan 2d At 8 AM the enemy opened a furious cannonade which lasted 2 hours at 3 PM our forces on the left made an attack on their right which lasted until after dark the rebels were badly beaten Regt went on picket about 7 PM & fought at times all night at daylight enemy opened with 2 Batteries supported by 2 Regts of infantry & cavalry after a teriffic fire of 20 minutes we were ordered to fall back Regt retired showly Lt Col & Lt Co D & 5 men captured lay in line nearly all day Sat
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Jan 3d rain fell heavily for 40 hours & had no rations for 2 days
Sunday Jan 4th Quiet enemy had gone during the night visited field during the day Our loss in Co E 1 killed 8 wounded 2 prisoners 1 missing in the Regt 18 killed 87 wounded 45 missing & captured
Monday Jan 5th Marched & crossed stone river & camped 1 mile SWest of town
Tuesday Jany 13th Ordered to march started at 9 AM went to Salem 5 miles with Brigade 42d Regt was ordered towards Middleton. Marched 6
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miles lite supper fell back a mile & bivouaced in the cedars
Wednesday Jany 14th Marched 2 miles & returned to Salem Day rainy. Heavy rain all night
Thursday Jany 15 Bad day Rain sleet & snow. Came into camp in the evening
Feby 8th (Sunday) Started to Nashville to guard a train marched to Stewarts Creek & rode in the wagons to Nashville
Monday Feby 9th Loaded wagons staid all day
Tuesday Feby 10th Started to Murfreesboro at 6 Oclock AM went to Lavergne & camped
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Wednesday Feby 11th Marched about 3 miles & camped. Pontoon train behind
Thursday Feby 12th Marched & reached Murfreesboro about noon found the camp inside the fortifications
Tuesday April 21st Started on an expedition toward Nashville Marched to Lavergne & camped for the night
Wednesday April 22d Marched 3 miles & watched the road returned came back about 2 miles & camped for the night
Thursday April 23d Marched about 4 miles & lay around all day camped at same place
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Friday April 24th Marched one mile camped in the woods
Saturday April 25th Marched one mile. A squad burned some rebel houses that last night
Sunday April 26th Returned to Murfreesboro Marched 18 miles
Saturday May 2d Moved our camp from the fortifications & joined our division (Genl Negley's 2d) camped on the Bradyville Pike
Wednesday June 24th Started on march at 10 oclock AM went towards Manchester Marched about 7 miles fighting in front
Thursday June 25th Marched
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to-day about 3 miles & camped
Friday June 26th Marched about 6 miles to-day went through Hoovers Gap to-day skirmishing on the front
Saturday June 27th Marched about 11 miles to day arriving at Manchester at 3 PM camped on Hillsboro road
Sunday June 28th Marched to Hillsboro 8 miles & camped
Monday June 29th Started at noon towards Tullahoma Had a skirmish very hard evenings work Marched 9 miles
Tuesday June 30 Laid in camp
Wednesday July 1st Started at 9 Oclock & marched about 5
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miles skirmished all day with the rebels 1st Brig in advance
Thursday July 2d Marched about 2 miles to day lay near Elk River Bridge had some skirmishing 1 man wounded
Friday July 3d crossed the river & marched 4 miles & went into camp near Winchester
Saturday July 4th Started at 11 AM & marched about 5 miles tried to go over Cumberland Mountains but the road was blocked up had to return & go in camp
July 5th 6th & 7th Remained in camp near the foot of the Mountains
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Wednesday July 8th Marched 4 miles to Decherd & went into camp on the ground occupied by our Brigade last August
Monday Aug 3d Received commission as 1st Lieut & was mustered in to the Service as Lieut
Sunday Aug 16th Marched at 11 Oclock AM commenced crossing Cumberland Mountains Marched until after dark & camped in a thicket went about 9 miles
Monday Aug 17th Being delayed we made only about 3 miles camped on the side of the mountain
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Tuesday Aug 18th Crossed the mountains Marched about 12 miles & camped near Anderson, Ala. on Croul Creek very fatigueing march the day very hot
Wednesday Aug 19th Marched 6 miles & camped near Cave Spring 4 miles from Stevenson
Sunday Aug 30th Marched from Cave Spring at 8 PM went into camp at Stevenson 4 miles
Tuesday Sept 1st Left Stevenson at 3 PM crossed the Tennessee river & marched up the river camped about
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midnight Marched about 8 miles
Wednesday Sept 2d Marched about 7 miles & camped near Bridgeport
Thursday Sept 3d Commenced to cross the Raccoon Mountain camped on the top had a fine view of the Tennessee Valley from Lookout rock
Friday Sep 4th Traveled about 12 miles camped on the side of the mountain in Dade Co Georgia
Saturday Sept 5th Marched 2 miles & camped in Lookout Valley
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Sunday Sept 6th Marched about 12 miles in evening went on reconoisance up Lookout Mt had a skirmish 1 man wounded camped in the Valley
Monday Sept 7th Climbed the mountain Rebels all gone
Tuesday Sept 8th Marched 5 miles to Coopers Gap lay in line of battle all day
Wednesday Sept 9th Marched down into the valley (M Lamores) about 3 miles & camped
Thursday Sept 10th Marched 3 miles threatened by large force of enemy
Friday Sept 11th Heavy skirmishing all day Large force in
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front reinforced by by Rosseau Div fell back to last nights camp to protect our train
Saturday Sept 12th Built breastwork of rails to protect train Staid all day
Sunday Sept 13th Rested all day
Monday Sept 14th Marched about 2 miles to the front & lay in line
Sept 15th & 16th Lay in camp near crossroads
Thursday Sept 17th Marched 6 miles & camped near Chicamauga river
Friday Sept 18th Marched at 4 PM went about 5 miles to guard a ford on the river
Saturday Sept 19th
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Saturday Sept 19th Was on picket skirmished with the Rebels who shelled us heavily in the AM was guardin Owens Ford in evening moved to the left where there had been hard fighting all day Co E & H got lost from the Regt & did not come up until near sundown
Sunday Sept 20th About 7 AM commenced moving to the left formed line of battle near 8 Oclock & advanced commenced skirmishing advanced ¾ of a mile & lay behind a fence the rebels came upon our front & right nearby cutting us off was driven off rallied
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in the woods & took position on a hill was ordered to support a battery was ordered to fall back about 2 PM camped at Rossville 3 miles from battle field Co E lost 5 wounded & 5 missing Regt lost killed 5 w & m 103
Monday Sept 21st Took position on mission ridge in PM was attacked but repulsed the enemy Skirmished all afternoon Co E lost 1 wound & 1 miss
Tuesday Sept 22d During the night fell back to Chattanooga 5 miles got in at 4 AM commenced to work on fortifications worked day & night
Wednesday Sept 23d from this
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time until Oct 1st worked on fortifications Skirmishing on picket line nearly every day & night but the enemy does not appear willing to attack us his loss in the battle of Chickamauga is said to be very great
Oct 5th Rebels shelled the forts & camp to day but without doing any damage
Friday Oct 9th Started at 7 PM on a forageing expedition Crossed the river & camped
Oct 10th (Saturday) Marched 30 miles Crossed Waldron's Ridge & camped in Sequatchie Valley.
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Sunday Oct 11th Went up the Sequatchie Valley about 10 miles & gathered some 300 wagon loads of corn returned to camp at the foot of the mountain
Monday Oct 12th Crossed the mountain & camped on the eastern side
Tuesday Oct 13th very rainy unpleasant day reached camp about 3 PM very hard march of 18 miles
Monday Nov 23d Was ordered out in line at 1 PM there was heavy fighting on the left by Grangers Corps
Tuesday Nov 24th Moved to the left during the night
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about 9 AM Genl Hooker commenced the attack on Lookout Mountain driving the enemy until after noon at 3 PM our Brigade was ordered to his support crossed Chattanooga Creek at the mountain & pontoon reached Cravens house after dark at 8 PM were ordered out to stop the advance of the enemy, fought until after midnight Co E lost 1 man killed 2 wounded
Wednesday Nov 25th Moved about 9 AM & formed line facing Mission Ridge Sherman commenced fighting at 8 AM, about 3½ PM was ordered to attack
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& after 1½ hours fighting drove the enemy from the crest of the Ridge carrying three rifle pits capturing many prisoners Rebels retreating in great confusion Dougherty wounded
Thursday Nov 26th Marched to Mayville on Chickamauga River capturing prisoners found bridge on fire Rebels had just left in great hurry Jas Bolan Co H taken prisoner & murdered
Friday Nov 27th Moved to near Ringold our advance had a hard fight our skirmishers were engaged a short time the Rebs again retreated
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Saturday Nov 28th Lay in camp all day rainy & disagreeable Rebels said to be at Dalton 10 miles distant in force
Sunday Nov 29th Started to Chattanooga about 10 AM distance 16 miles arrived about 7 PM very cold to day in the different engagements Co E lost 1 killed 3 wounded Loss in Regt 8 killed 35 wounded
Dec 4th Capt Embree detailed on Court Martial took command of the company from this date
Sunday Jany 24th Left Chattanooga by Rail Road for Indianapolis the Regt having re-enlisted
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as Veteran Volunteers & having been mustered into the Service for 3 years from Jany 1st 1864
Monday Jany 25th arrived at Nashville at 1 Oclock PM & started to Louisville at 7 PM
Tuesday Jany 26th Arrived at Louisville at 2 PM & remained all night
Wednesday Jany 27th Started to Indianapolis at 2 PM arriving at 3 AM Jany 28th where we remained until Saturday Jany 30th the Regt left for home I reached home on Monday Feby 2d
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A Mauck & Bro 292
Washington S NY
DATABASE CONTENT
| (15300) | DL1563.001 | Diaries |
Tags: Camp/Lodging, Death (Military), Fighting, Fortifications, Guard/Sentry Duty, Illnesses, Injuries, Marching, Nature, Picket Duty, Poetry, Prisoners of War, Railroads, Supplies, Victory, Weather, Work
People - Records: 1
- (5330) [writer] ~ Ashmead, Joseph R.
SOURCES
Joseph R. Ashmead Diary, DL1563.001, Nau Collection
