Alvin McGowen was born around 1839. By 1860, he was living in Clinton County, Michigan. He enlisted in the Union army on August 15, 1861, in Fort Wayne, Michigan, and he mustered in as a private in Company C of the 5th Michigan Infantry on August 28. He was wounded in the Battle of Fair Oaks on May 31, 1862, and spent the next several months recovering. He was discharged for disability in Alexandria, Virginia, on August 27, 1862. He apparently disappeared from the documentary record after leaving the military.