Lucius J. E. Bearden was born around 1832 in Lincoln County, Tennessee, to Alfred and Margaret Bearden. His father was a gunsmith. He grew up in Lincoln County, and by 1850, he was also working as a gunsmith. He married Martha E. Wells on June 28, 1855, and their daughter Martha was born around 1858. His wife died on October 2, 1858.
He enlisted in the Confederate army on May 18, 1861, and he mustered in as a sergeant in Company C of the 8th Tennessee Infantry. According to his service records, he was 6 feet, 1 inch tall, with light hair and blue eyes. He reportedly contracted syphilis in the summer of 1861. He was eventually reduced to the ranks, and he was discharged for disability on July 15, 1862. As a surgeon explained, he was suffering from “stiffness of the joints [and] pains of the bones of the legs.”
He returned to Lincoln County after leaving the army, and he resumed his work as a gunsmith. He married Cynthia H. Webb on August 24, 1865, and they apparently had no children. By 1870, he owned $250 of personal property. He died sometime after 1880.