Albert S. Howe was born around 1841 in Brookfield, Massachusetts, to Alphonso Howe and Polly Slayton. His father was a farmer who owned $2,250 of real estate in 1850. His mother died around 1847. Howe grew up and attended school in Brookfield before beginning work as a farm laborer. He enlisted in the Union army on September 19, 1861, and mustered in as a private in Company I of the 24th Massachusetts Infantry alongside his brother Elbridge.
The regiment took part in the Battle of Roanoke Island and the Battle of New Bern. He was wounded at Whitehall, North Carolina, on December 16, 1862, and he mustered out on February 23, 1863. Howe returned to Massachusetts after leaving the army, and he married Ella Lyman around 1870. He worked in a market in Brookfield. He died on September 24, 1905.