Thomas Herbert Williams was born on September 3, 1844, in Pickens District, South Carolina, to William and Harriet Williams. His father was a merchant and farmer who owned $4,500 of real estate and $3,235 of personal property by 1860. He grew up and attended school in Pickens District, and by 1860, he was working as a farmer.
He enlisted in the Confederate army on April 14, 1861, and he mustered in as a 2nd lieutenant in Company I of the 1st Palmetto South Carolina Sharpshooters. He reenlisted on April 16, 1862, and then again on January 15, 1864. The regiment took part in the Battle of Fredericksburg, the Battle of Chickamauga, the Battle of the Wilderness, the Overland Campaign, the siege of Petersburg, and the Appomattox campaign. He surrendered on April 9, 1865, as part of General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia.
Williams moved to Texas after the war and married Emma Massengale. They had at least three children: Amelia, born around 1876; Harriet, born around 1878; and South Carolina, born around 1879. By 1880, the family was living in Maysfield, Texas, and Williams was working as a farmer. He died in Texas on February 27, 1890.