George D. Rogers was born on April 24, 1826, in New York. By 1850, he was working as a farmer in New Hudson, New York. He married Sylvia J. Lyon on July 4, 1850, and they had at least three children: Allen, born on January 26, 1853; Alva, born on September 10, 1858; and Altha, born on July 19, 1860. By 1860, he owned $1,200 of real estate and $300 of personal property.
He enlisted in the Union army on August 26, 1861, and he mustered in as a private in Company F of the 85th New York Infantry on September 7. He served as a regimental musician. The regiment took part in the siege of Yorktown, the Battle of Seven Pines, and the Seven Days’ Battles. Confederate forces captured him near Plymouth, North Carolina, on April 20, 1864, and imprisoned him at Andersonville Prison. He died there of "starvation and chronic diarea" on August 15, 1864.