Charles P. Lyman was born around June 1828 in Massachusetts. He eventually moved to Rock Island, Illinois. He supported the Republican Party, and he ran an unsuccessful campaign for town clerk in 1857. He married Louisa Briggs on December 15, 1859, and they had at least three children: Clara, born around 1861; George, born around 1862; and Mary, born around 1865. He earned a living as a government clerk and a timekeeper at the Rock Island Arsenal. During the Civil War, he served as assistant adjutant at Camp Douglas, with the rank of lieutenant. He remained in Rock Island after the war, and his wife died in the late 1800s. He retired in 1893, and he moved to Saint Paul, Minnesota, the following year. He died there of heart disease in June 1901.