James Luther Weed was born on March 8, 1836, in New York. His family moved to Porter County, Indiana, in the 1840s, and they were probably living in Michigan in the early 1860s. He enlisted in the Union army on September 5, 1861, and he mustered in as a private in Company K of the 8th Wisconsin Infantry. The regiment took part in the siege of Vicksburg, the Red River campaign, and the Battle of Nashville. He mustered out on September 5, 1865.
He returned to Michigan after the war, and he married Rosanna Tatro on April 4, 1868. They had at least six children: Addie, born around 1870; Elma, born around 1873; William, born around 1876; Alice, born around 1877; Delbert, born around 1879; and Gerta, born around 1883. They lived in Indiana until September 1879, when they moved to Plum Creek, Nebraska. He earned a living as a farmer. He applied for a federal pension in June 1880 and eventually received one. They moved to Beaver, Nebraska, in the late 1800s. His wife died in July 1926, and he died from “old age and grief” in Boone County, Nebraska, on November 19, 1926.