Mark R. Supplee was born on April 11, 1836, in Upper Merion, Pennsylvania, to Alexander H. Supplee and Jane Rambo. His father was a farmer who owned $21,200 of real estate and $4,000 of personal property. Supplee grew up and attended school in Upper Merion. He enlisted in the Union army on August 16, 1861, and mustered in as a 2nd lieutenant in Company I of the 51st Pennsylvania Infantry. The regiment took part in the Battle of Antietam, the Battle of Fredericksburg, the siege of Vicksburg, the Battle of the Wilderness, and the siege of Petersburg. He mustered out on November 12, 1864.
Supplee returned to Pennsylvania after leaving the army, and he married Hannah M. Baker in Eagleville, Pennsylvania, on February 17, 1869. They had at least four children: Baker, born around 1872; Lanford, born around 1874; Bertha, born around 1876; and Frank, born around 1879. Supplee worked as a farmer in Upper Merion, and by 1870, he owned $15,000 of real estate and $2,125 of personal property. He remained in Upper Merion for the rest of his life, and he died there on July 18, 1901.