R. W. Murphy was born around 1839. By the early 1860s, he was probably living in Texas.
He enlisted in the Confederate army on June 3, 1861, and he mustered in as a private in Company E of the 3rd Texas Cavalry. The regiment took part in the Battle of Pea Ridge, the siege of Corinth, and the Atlanta campaign. He was wounded in the arm in the Second Battle of Corinth in October 1862. As he explained, “I was wounded in the last charge we made on them behind them banks of dirt of theirs. The ball struck me on the left arm just above the elbow—it passed through the muscle of my arm smartly fracturing the bone.”
He eventually recovered and rejoined the regiment. He remained in the army until at least June 1864.