Thomas Muir Whitaker was born on April 25, 1839, possibly in Kershaw County, South Carolina, to Lemuel L. Whitaker and Helen B. Muir. His father was a planter who owned $20,000 of real estate and $105,700 of personal property in 1860, including at least 46 slaves. Whitaker attended school in Kershaw County.
He enlisted in the Confederate army on April 8, 1862, in Camden, South Carolina, and mustered in as a sergeant in Company C of the 6th South Carolina Infantry. The regiment fought at Fredericksburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor. Whitaker was admitted to the Episcopal Church Hospital in Williamsburg, Virginia. in March 1863, complaining of "Debilitas." He received a furlough a few weeks later. He probably returned to his regiment by the summer. He was wounded in the bowels in the Battle of Chaffin’s Farm and died on September 30, 1864.