Lewis C. Randall was born around 1827 in New York to Hiram and Caroline Randall. His father was a farmer who owned $1,400 of real estate and $500 of personal property by 1860. The family moved to Ypsilanti, Michigan, in the late 1840s. By 1850, Randall was working as a farmer. He remained in his parents’ household until at least 1860.
He enlisted in the Union army on April 20, 1861, and he mustered in as a private in Company H of the 1st Michigan Infantry on May 1. He mustered out three months later, on August 7, 1861. He rejoined the Union army almost immediately, mustering in as a sergeant in the 1st Michigan Infantry on August 25, 1861. He was wounded in the Second Battle of Bull Run on August 30, 1862. He was promoted to 2nd lieutenant and then to 1st lieutenant by December 1862. He was wounded on July 2, 1863, in the Battle of Gettysburg, and he was promoted to captain in January 1864. He died in battle on May 11, 1864.