Cornelia M. Burtwell (maiden name: Bedford) was born around 1810 in Tennessee. She grew up in Florence, Alabama, and she attended the Lafayette Female Academy in Kentucky in the mid-1820s. The Marquis de Lafayette visited the academy in May 1825.
She married John T. Burtwell on August 29, 1833, and they had at least seven children: John, born around 1836; Isabella, born around 1837; Mary, born around 1839; Annie, born around 1840; James, born on July 17, 1842; Elizabeth, born around 1846; and Lavenia, born around 1848. They lived in Florence, and her husband worked as a boat captain. By 1850, they owned $2,000 of real estate.
A decade later, they owned $3,000 of real estate and $15,000 of personal property. Her husband died in 1861. By 1870, she owned $3,000 of real estate and $300 of personal property. She died of apoplexy in Davidson County, Tennessee, in July 1879.