Cooley E. Ball was born around 1847 in Lapeer County, Michigan, to George and Julia Ball. His father was a mill foreman who owned $1,200 of real estate and $250 of personal property by 1860. The family lived in Lapeer County until the 1850s, when they moved to Saginaw, Michigan. By 1870, he was working as a bookkeeper in Midland, Michigan, and he owned $2,500 of real estate and $3,000 of personal property. He supported the Democratic Party, and he served as a delegate to a congressional district convention in 1870.
He married a woman named Frances around 1874, and their daughter Nora was born around 1875. They lived in Saint John, and he worked as a hardware merchant. His wife died on July 24, 1916, and he married Una Woodruff on June 2, 1921. He died in 1930.