Er Wood was born on July 22, 1821, either in Kentucky or Tennessee, to George and Elizabeth Wood. His father was a farmer who owned $600 of real estate by 1850. Wood grew up in White County, Tennessee, and he married Nancy Hash around 1846. They had at least seven children: George, born around 1848; Elizabeth, born around 1849; Drucilla, born around 1852; Josephine, born around 1854; Tabitha, born around 1856; Nancy, born around 1860; and Ida, born around 1869. They settled in Van Buren County, Tennessee, and Wood worked as a farmer. By 1860, he owned $4,200 of real estate and $1,310 of personal property. A decade later, he owned $5,000 of real estate and $261 of personal property. He remained in Van Buren County for the rest of his life, and he died there on October 18, 1905.