James Tervin Simrill was born on August 23, 1846, in South Carolina to John Davidson Simrill and Margaret Clinton. His father was a confectioner who owned $615 of personal property in 1860. Simrill grew up in Chester County, South Carolina.
He enlisted in the Confederate army in July 1863 and mustered in as a private in Company I of the 6th South Carolina Infantry. He took part in the Battle of the Wilderness and the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. He received a gunshot wound to the head on May 12, 1864, at Spotsylvania Court House, and he was admitted to Jackson Hospital in Richmond, Virginia, on May 15, 1864.
Officials transferred him to Danville, Virginia, four days later, and he received a furlough on May 23, 1864. He returned to his regiment by July 1864 and spent the next six months besieged in Petersburg, Virginia. He surrendered on April 9, 1865, as part of Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia.
Simrill returned to his parents’ household in Chester County after the war. He moved to Texas around 1871 and married Laura Garrison there on November 21, 1871. They lived in Montgomery County, Texas, and Simrill worked as a farmer. He remained in Montgomery County for the rest of his life, and he died there on July 21, 1907.