Robert Neville was born in England on July 5, 1832, to John Henry Neville and Hannah Leuty. He eventually immigrated to Ohio, and he married Mary Ann Atkinson on November 30, 1855. They had at least five children: Eva, born around 1860; Everet, born around 1868; Ora, born around 1871; Luella, born around 1876; and Alice, born around 1877. He worked as a farmer in Mayfield, Ohio, and by 1860, he owned $1,840 of real estate and $250 of personal property. He enlisted in the Union army on August 13, 1862, and mustered in as a private in Company E of the 103rd Ohio Infantry on September 16. The regiment served in the Western Theater, and it took part in the Atlanta Campaign and the Carolinas Campaign. He eventually earned a promotion to corporal, and he mustered out on June 12, 1865. Neville returned to Mayfield after the war and resumed work as a farmer. He died there on April 21, 1898.