Thomas Chase was born around 1807 in Maine. He married Esther M. Merrill on January 15, 1832, and they had at least nine children: Malona, born around 1835; Roscoe, born on November 3, 1838; Abbie, born around 1840; Charles, born around 1841; George, born around 1844; Howard, born around 1847; Lucy, born around 1849; William, born around 1853; and Homer, born around 1856.
They lived in Buckfield, Maine, and he worked as a farmer. By 1850, he owned $2,000 of real estate. He supported the Republican Party, and he was elected to the state legislature in 1855. He served several more terms over the following decade. In the early 1860s, he also served as an officer of the State Temperance Convention. One editor noted that he was “well known and highly respected, not only in his own county, but in the State at large.” He died in Buckfield on March 13, 1866.