Franklin Phelps was born around 1851 in Vermont to Jarvis Phelps and Hannah Reynolds. His father was a laborer who owned $50 of personal property by 1860. He grew up and attended school in Brandon, and by 1870, he was working as a cooper. He married a woman named Martha on April 7, 1877, and they had at least five children: Elroy, born around 1878; John, born around 1880; Scott, born around 1883; Frank, born around 1890; and Edward, born around 1893. They lived in Brandon, and Phelps worked as a day laborer and policeman. He died of pneumonia in Brandon on March 14, 1909.