Courtland George Stanton was born on August 20, 1840, in North Stonington, Connecticut, to Amos Stanton and Tryphena Brown. His father died around 1847. By 1860, his mother owned $800 of real estate and $100 of personal property. Stanton attended school in North Stonginton before beginning work as a painter. He married Mary Elizabeth Lewis around 1862, and they had at least two children: Jennie, born around 1870; and Lewis, born around 1880. Stanton enlisted in the Union army on August 11, 1862, and mustered in as a sergeant in Company G of the 21st Connecticut Infantry on September 5, 1862. The regiment took part in the Battles of Fredericksburg and Cold Harbor, the Siege of Petersburg, and the Appomattox campaign.
He was steadily promoted to sergeant major, 2nd lieutenant, and then 1st lieutenant. He helped raise a company of African American soldiers in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1863. That November, however, he expressed scorn for white officers who accepted commissions in African American regiments. He denounced these “N****r commissions” and informed his wife that he “would not take a Captain’s commission over n****rs.” According to one report, he was the “first Union officer to visit Libby prison after the fall of Richmond.” He mustered out on June 16, 1865.
Stanton and his family moved to Westerly, Rhode Island, sometime before 1880, and he worked as a painter and paper hanger despite losing his hearing. He joined the Grand Army of the Republic and became a respected member of society in Westerly. One resident declared him an “upright citizen and business man.” His wife died sometime in the 1880s, and he married Mary Elizabeth Hiscox around 1889. He remained in Westerly for the rest of his life, and he died there on August 19, 1911.