Charles Jesup Arms was born on June 9, 1841, in Norwich, Connecticut, to Hiram and Abby Jane Arms. His father was a minister who owned $2,500 of real estate by 1850. He grew up and attended school in Norwich before enrolling at Yale College. He supported the Republican Party, and he joined the Wide Awakes during the 1860 presidential election season. As he explained to his father, “I take time every day to read the papers carefully, and if a great speaker is in town I go to hear him.” In February 1861, he wrote that he was "not in favor of peaceable secession...Nor am I in favor of coercion as the term is generally understood. It would seem to be better if the Government, ignoring all ordinances of secession parsed by the Gulf States, should quietly, or, if need be, forcibly, continue to collect its revenues, take possession & hold possession of its forts, arsenals & custom houses, and in short perform all its lawful functions."
In April 1861, several of Arms’s friends enlisted in the Union army, and he asked his parents for permission to join them. “You see Yale is alive,” he noted. “Are you willing to write a son if he is willing to go? Somebody must go. May I?” His parents apparently refused, and Arms remained in college. By July 1862, however, he was failing his classes. In a despondent letter to his father, he offered to “keep up in the studies of next term, and reenter [college] as soon as possible. But if you desire, the whole affair may be hushed up, and I will enlist immediately, while the excitement of volunteering is at its heighth.”
His father’s answer has apparently not survived, but Arms joined the Union army soon afterward. He received a commission as a 1st lieutenant in the 20th Connecticut Infantry, and he mustered in on September 8, 1862. He was promoted to captain on November 19, 1862. He was wounded in the Battle of Chancellorsville on May 3, 1863, and he resigned his commission on May 17, 1863. He returned to the Union army in July 1863, serving as a 1st lieutenant in Company B of the 16th Connecticut Infantry. In May 1864, he declared that the war had become a "struggle between Civilization & Barbarism, Christianity and Heathenism, Light & Darkness Liberty & Tyranny--God & Satan." He hoped to "live to see one of two things...the utter, complete & enslaving subjugation of the South, or their equally complete annihilation. A race of people such as they have proved themselves to be, are not fit to inhabit God's beautiful world." He mustered out on June 24, 1865.
After the war, Arms studied law in New York City, and he was admitted to the bar in April 1866. He moved to Lewistown, Pennsylvania, soon afterward and began working as a lawyer. He worked as an editor for the Pittsburgh Commercial from 1873 until 1876, when he began working for the Philadelphia Times. He married Alice Avery on October 16, 1873, and they had four children: Lily, born on May 29, 1875; Audubon, born on July 19, 1876; Natalie, born on November 3, 1877; and Elsie, born on December 1, 1878. They lived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, until around 1885, when they moved to East Greenwich, Rhode Island. He served in the Rhode Island senate in the mid-1890s. By 1900, the family was living in Providence, Rhode Island. Arms died there on March 9, 1901.
Image: Charles J. Arms (School Catalogs, 1765-1935, available from Ancestry.com)